Reusable spin-on multi system oil filter and method of reclaiming used filter canisters

ABSTRACT

The invention is a spin-on type filter with a reclaimed permanent filter casing and permanent filtering media that are washable and reusable. There are three distinct progressive filtering systems that function simultaneously,but separately within one filter housing, one is the full flow filtering at 10 micron capability while the other is in its bypass fine filtering mode at 1 to 3 micron filtering capability. In addition, a safety full flow filter can be activated to filter the return oil while the main full flow medium is fouled. Each system can be implemented with multiple media. The main body of the filter, which comprises the filter head and the media, can be separated easily for servicing from its casing which is designed to attach to the engine. Fine stainless steel cloths are utilized as filtering media which can last the life of an engine Furthermore, magnets arc utilized to trap suspending metal filings in oil flow. The design of the main filter body as such is that any used conventional filter canister can be simply adapted to it or a new filter canister casing can be utilized whichever is the advantage at the time of installation and of in production.

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application No. 08/652,355, filed May 23, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,211.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to liquid filters and more particularly the present invention relates to disposable filters suitable for use in connection with internal combustion engines.

BACKGROUND ART

Environmental concerns regarding soil and atmospheric contamination, caused by automotive related pollutants are becoming increasingly important issues for all governments. New passenger vehicles that come off the production line typically requires an average of 6 to 8 oil and oil filter changes every year for a 12 to 14 year period, typically average driving life for North American passenger vehicles. Commercial vehicles require 12 or more oil and oil filter changes every year. Older vehicles require even more frequent changes.

The disposal of used oil filters and waste oils is costly. The waste generated from filters and discarded oil amounts to billions of units daily world wide.

Conventional oil filters presently on the market are made for disposal after each usage. The filtering pore size of these filters varies from 20 to 120 microns. Conventional oil filters on the market are equipped with a safety valve but some are not. Of those filters, oil starvation to the engine may occur as they are prone to pressure breaks, which opens the paper fibre element and forces the oil to channel through the filter thus eliminating its filtering efficiency. Under proper operation a conventional filter restricts main oil flow from the filter medium clogging. Oil pressure then forces the built-in safety valve to open to allow unfiltered oil to flow back freely to the engine, preventing oil starvation which will lead to serious engine damage. Clearly, unfiltered oil may then flow through the engine and due to the high pressure of the oil particles on the surface of the fully clogged paper medium are transported through the engine and contact delicate engine parts.

In terms of materials of which typical filters are made, generally metals are employed for the canister and paper fiber for the filter medium. These materials and the energy used to produce them can be conserved by practicing the present invention.

Other than the full flow oil filters, auxiliary bypass filtering systems for finer micron filtrations are also commonly found on the market. An auxiliary bypass system works like a dialysis machine, a small amount of fluid is taken, cleaned, and returned into the source for merger with the main source. As an example, approximately 30 minutes to about one hour is one cycle for a full sump tank of 4 litres of motor oil to be cleaned by a bypass system. Some of the full flow filters allow for 16 gallons per minute of oil to be filtered through the engine. The bypass system does not emphasize oil flow but the efficiency in filtering particles in the smallest micron sizes, usually in 1 to 3 microns. Generally speaking the conventional bypass oil filters on the market are bulky units, installed separately from the existing full flow system. They are extremely labour intensive to install and are much more expensive than the full flow filters. These bypass filters are designed to be disposed of at the time the engine oil is changed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The invention has applicability in the filter art and more particularly the invention has distinct applicability in the internal combustion engine lubricant filtration art.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

One object of the present invention is to provide an improved oil filter.

A further object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a reusable oil filter, comprising:

a hollow container having opposed ends;

a plurality of spaced apart concentric filtration members removably mounted in concentric relation within the container, each member having a different porosity for filtering;

removable filter head means releasably mounted to the hollow container; and

filter base means removably mounted to the container, the filter base means having an inlet to receive oil to be filtered and an outlet to discharge filter oil.

The filter includes upper and lower filter body members and an annular oil flow space between the filter body members and the housing.

In a further aspect, flow guide means are provided to direct the flow of oil within the filter towards the filtration media. The various aspects of the invention are directed towards enhancing the effectiveness of the filter in a manner not hereto achieved by the prior art. In particular reference may be had to German Patent Publication 1,416,434 (Gray) disclosing a multistage filter having a bypass valve means, but not featuring a filter head as identified above.

The filter head may be circular in shape, preferably a solid piece, it can be made out of materials such as; plastic, cast iron, steel or aluminum depending on its intended applications. For example; for highly corrosive liquids, high quality stainless steel is used. For motor oil filtration, aluminum alloy is adequate for the invention. The versatile design of the filter head allows for its transformation to multifarious functions from simple filtration to multiple stage filtration within multiple filtering systems.

The filter head of the invention has added to its basic form a threaded cap as well as having an outer thread at the bottom of the filter head. Within the lower part of the filter head is a set of openings generally subscribing to a tunnel shape. The single tunnel is made by drilling a hole horizontally at right angles from one side of the filter head through to the other side. At this stage of the invention the filter head configuration forms a single functional filter head after having adapted to it a cylindrical shaped full flow filter medium. This basic form can be transformed into a much more complex filter head. The transformation is facilitated by the addition of various sized tunnels at designated points making oil passages associated with multiple filtering chambers. These chambers and tunnels may be located on different levels within the filter head. The number of tunnels or chambers required depend on the complexity of various filtering requirements. As an example, the one solid piece, single open tunnel filter head is appropriate for one filtering stage of a full flow filtering system which is a simple application of the invention. A two piece, multiple level, filter may have eight tunnels in the filter head. Some tunnels could be inter-connected and lead to two or more filtering chambers for specific filtering requirements. Oil filtering chambers within the filter head are formed to accommodate circular sheet filtering media by providing recess spaces. Circular disks containing the medium supporting members and filtering media join the parts of the filter together and are sealed by O rings. This system allows for a single filtering system or if the addition of filter medium connecting members or brushings are added a multiple stage filtering is achieved. This system not only allows for the above multiple stage filtering implementations, but also allows for the accommodation of additional component parts as required. Various porosity of filtering media which are flat circular sheets of tailor cut stainless steel cloth made from course to fine meshes are sandwiched between the recessed bushings. This multiple chamber filter head is a multiple stage filtering device, a bypass filtering system and it is one of the three distinct progressive filtering systems of the invention.

The versatility of the invention allows for implementation of either single stage or multiple stage filtering which is dependent on the number of filtering media and medium bushing disks implemented within the filter head. To extend the function of the filter head, and maximize the filtering effects by utilizing various flow tunnels built-in the filter head, a consolidated three piece full flow filtering device all in cylindrical configuration with both circular ends open, can be incorporated at the bottom part of the filter head. At this stage, the filter head itself can be in the single filtering stage or in the multiple filtering stage depending on how many circular medium bearing bushing disks and how many sheet media have been installed.

The three piece filtering device in cylindrical configuration comprises the main full flow system of the invention. This includes a perforated flow guide on the outside, steel cloth medium and the core member which is threaded at both ends, corrugated and is a perforated element supporting member which is a rigid member, has one end secured to the bottom threaded retaining rim of the filter head and the other end is secured and enclosed by an outwardly threaded retaining base member. The retaining base has a centre hole for return oil flow and when the components are assembled a complete filtering core is formed. The oil flow guide has outward deflecting lips at one side of each perforated hole and the lips are all facing the same direction which is in the direction of the main oil flow. The flow guide is spaced a minimum of 2 mm away from the outside circumferential surface of the cylindrical main flow filtering element. The purpose and function of the flow guide during the oil flow restricted mode, is to prevent particles that were loaded on the surface of the fully clogged medium, from being washed off by the vibrantly moving main oil flow via the open safety valve tunnel which flows back to the engine. Within the empty core space of the rigid full flow medium supporting member, a smaller cylindrical device resembling this member, but comprised of a finer medium and its support member can be installed in addition to the full flow medium. These additional members form a progressive multiple stage full flow filtering system when incorporated in the staged filtering system. This additional stage can increase the holding capacity of the filter and enhance its efficiency due to the entrapping of smaller contaminants due to the increased range of filtering media sizes utilized.

As a further embodiment the circular medium bearing disks may be installed by the same threaded means as the bottom retaining rim of the filter head. This is the safety full flow filtering system located at the exit of the safety valve tunnel installed after the safety valve. This version of the invention is equipped with a three-in-one pressure activated device; safety valve, sensor and dash board light indicator. If the cylindrical main full flow filtering medium becomes clogged causing the oil flow restriction sensor light to illuminate the safety valve is open and the main oil flow enters the safety tunnel and is filtered by the safety full flow filter. This safety full flow filtering measure, after the safety valve of the invention is a safety feature that the conventional oil filters presently do not have provided. The invention may employ any existing sensors or safety valves depending on different applications desired.

According to a further feature of the present invention, magnets may be included. The magnets are useful to attract metal debris within the oil flow to remove them from possible contact with engine parts. Advantageously, the filtering body can be easily dismantled by unthreading the component parts cleaning of the magnetic implants makes them highly effective.

Conveniently, the two distinct filtering mechanisms may be housed in a generic filter canister. The basic filter head incorporates a single cylindrical full flow element and safety valve. The complex filter head incorporates a multiple tunnel, multiple chamber for multiple stage filtering and in addition to that having a safety full flow filter, a cylindrical full flow filtering device and magnets forming four distinct and separate filtering systems housed within one filter canister.

The invention comprises a single stage to multiple stage bypass filtering system as well as a safety filtering system within the filter head. The invention utilizes a range of 1 to 35 micron, circular sheet steel cloth elements. The cylindrical full flow element also has various ranges of micron sizes, typically 1 μm to about 300 μm that can be used depending upon specific requirements.

Advantageously, the invention enables alternate filtering configurations to be employed. When installing space for the filter on a given engine is important, the invention filter body configuration can be changed by the safety valve being incorporated at the bottom centre of the filter head thus yielding space and enabling a shorter filter bead to be made. This filter bead of the invention comprises nearly all functions as the aforementioned but without the sensor and the indicating light and the safety full flow filter system.

A further object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine oil filter insert kit, comprising:

a plurality of reusable individual filter elements;

a plurality of connecting elements for releasably connecting the filter elements together to form an insert; and

filter head means for releasably connecting the insert, the filter head means further including means for connection with an oil filter container.

Within the multiple chamber filter head, a plurality of holes, about 300 microns in diameter, depending on the size of the filter and flow requirement, may be included from the outer circumference of the filter head into the upper part of the bypass filtering chamber. These tiny holes are the inlet-port orifices for controlled amount of small oil streams that enter the upper filtering chamber to be filtered. A further versatile transformation of the filter head, is made by enlarging the diameter of the small stream in-port orifices which lead to the upper filter chamber. These can be covered to become main oil flow tunnels for oil passage and replacing the very fine filtering media to an appropriate porosity. Oil flow is thereby increased and the bypass system is easily transformed into a full flow filtering system from its original configuration.

Within the circular filter head, beneath the multiple chamber or the single chamber, three sets of oil flow tunnels are located on different levels. The first set of two vertical tunnels is part of the bypass system and is for the oil to permeate through and the filtered oil to merge with the main filtered return oil stream which comes through the cylindrical full flow medium. The second set of two tunnels is usually closed by the safety valve, except when the unfiltered main oil stream is restricted then the oil pressure forces the safety valve to open up allowing the main oil stream to flow back to the engine preventing starvation of oil to the engine. The third set of tunnels extends across from side to side in the lowest level of the filter head allowing oil flowing freely to reach the safety valve at any time in case the main full flow filtering medium is totally or partially fouled and oil flow is restricted. The forth is a small single tunnel running vertically down from a point near the rim at the top of the filter head. This small tunnel becomes the drain conduit for draining oil from the invention before an oil and filter servicing. The drain conduit is also for the convenience of collecting oil samples for analytical purposes. At the bottom part of the filter head one end of the cylindrical medium supporting member and the cylindrical full flow medium are mounted. All return oil will flow within the supporting member. At the other end of the cylindrical medium supporting member, a retaining base member with a centre hole is mounted to secure the cylindrical medium supporting member and separate the oil path. The above, when fastened as a whole can be inserted into a cylindrical shape, open ended filter canister. The filter head can be secured to the canister by threaded means, the thread is located in the interior of the rim of the open ended canister and is sealed by an O-ring when screwed down preventing oil leakage.

The filter head and the discussed embodiment of the invention may be utilized with the conventional throw-away filter canister. The invention is able to adapt the convenience of the existing conventional method for installing an oil filter on an engine by spinning the same as is conventional. Part of the invention utilizes the conventional filter by machining off the filter top of the used canister and removing the used paper filter medium. Then the core of the invention is installed in the used filter canister by installing a U-shaped inner threaded metal ring right on and around the cut-off rim which re-in forces the used filter canister and makes it rigid.

The next operation covers the insertion of the entire filter body into the used filter canister. This insertion is threaded into the used filter canister by the outer threaded filter head being turned into the inner threaded metal ring. The embodiment of the invention is the utilization of the used filter canister adapted as described and or the production of a new filter canister which can be manufactured, either of which when utilized with the internal workings (core) previously described forms the entire invention. The servicing of the invention becomes one version of the invention the indicator light is illuminated when servicing the invention becomes necessary.

There are several configurations of the invention that have indicator light assemblies incorporated in their design. With respect to the embodiments of the invention that have indicator lights, the filter is serviced by unscrewing the top cap of the filter head and the whole filter body can be removed from the cylindrical filter canister. The main full flow medium is then fully exposed for easy cleaning. The bypass medium within can also be serviced at the same time and can be removed for servicing by removing the top portion of the filter head. For versions equipped without a sensor and indicator light, the filter may be services according to the manufacturer's recommended schedule; usually at three to six thousand kilometre intervals, or by the result of an oil sample analysis.

In the normal filtering mode, the oil flows into the invention via the one way valves from the engine, filling up the space inside the housing around the filter head and the body. The main stream of oil flows rapidly through the main full flow filtering element. It returns to the engine while the small orifices are receiving small streams of oil. The small stream of oil by pressure forces its way into the bypass chamber. The filtered oil then passes through the one to three micron steel cloth media. The fine oil which is in small quantities then runs down the two tunnels and merges with the filtered main oil stream within the cylindrical element supporting member and the oil then continues its flow path back to the engine.

In the restricted filtering mode, the main oil flow is restricted from the particle loaded filter medium; subsequently, via the open tunnel, oil pressure forces the safety valve to open allowing the main oil stream to flow through the two tunnels at different levels. At this stage the main oil stream returns to the engine without being filtered unless the safety full flow element is installed. There may be a small amount of oil permeating through the bypass system depending upon the condition of the bypass medium at this stage. Even though the bypass chamber, or chambers may be prematurely clogged with particles, this does not affect the unfiltered main oil stream flow through the full flow element when it is in normal mode.

A further object of one embodiment of the present invention is designed to reduce environmental waste by reclaiming the innumerable discarded conventional oil filter canisters and by reducing the frequency of oil changes. Reducing the contamination of dump sites by eliminating the disposal of those large numbers of paper filtering media and greatly reducing the amount of used oil through more efficient filtration. The invention also offers a filtering device with adaptability, versatility, efficiency and is economical thereby providing a better alternative to conventional oil filters. The invention is a highly efficient filtration system suited for both heavy industrial usages and retail automotive trade.

A still further object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method of filtering internal combustion engine oil, comprising the steps of:

providing a plurality of reusable discrete filtering elements, each having a different pore size for filtering particulates entrained in an oil feed, each of the filtered elements being releasably connectable with an adjacent element;

disposing the filter elements coaxially within a container, the container adapted for connection with an oil outlet of the internal combustion engine;

introducing oil into the container for passage through each of the filter elements; and

progressively filtering a variety of particle sizes from the oil.

Having thus generally described the nature of the invention, reference will now be to the accompanying drawings, illustrating preferred embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembled invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the safety valve device;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the one solid piece filter head and the central chamber of the safety valve device and the position of the drain conduit;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the safety full flow circular sheet medium;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the corrugated and perforated underlay member of the safety full flow circular sheet medium;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the circular bushing disk which is the supporting retainer for the circular sheet medium and the circular medium underlay member forming the safety flow full filter;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the cylindrical corrugated, perforated medium supporting member;

FIG. 8 is a side view of the cylindrical steel cloth full flow filtering medium;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the cylindrical perforated, oil flow guide with deflected lips;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the circular retaining base-member and the coordinated positions of the cylindrical medium supporting member, the cylindrical full flow medium and the cylindrical flow guide;

FIG. 11 is a top view of the retaining base-member;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the open ended conventional filter canister;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the dual function circular seal gasket and the back flow flap cover;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of simulated oil filter mounting base on an engine;

FIG. 15 is another cross-sectional view of the one piece filter head illustrates the safety valve in its open position and the two safety flow tunnels;

FIG. 16 is another cross-sectional view of the one piece filter head illustrates the open flow tunnel at the lower part of the filter head and the closed position of the safety valve;

FIG. 17 is a bottom view of the filter head illustrates the coordinated positions of the two safety valve flow-tunnels-exits in FIG. 15, the open flow tunnel in FIG. 16 and the safety valve chamber in FIG. 15 and 16;

FIG. 18 is another cross-sectional view of the circular adaptable bushing disk in FIG. 6;

FIG. 19 is a top view of the circular adaptable bushing disk;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the circular steel cloth sheet medium with no centre opening comprising a U-ring sealing gasket mounted on its outer edge;

FIG. 21 is a top view of the circular steel cloth sheet medium referred to in FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the one piece assembled functioning invention in its normal full flow filtering mode, without the bypass system in the filter head, showing the oil path with safety valve closed and having a safety full flow filter;

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the one piece assembled functioning invention in its restricted filtering mode, refereed to in FIG. 22, illustrates the oil path, travels with safety valve open through the safety valve tunnels and the safety full flow filter installed;

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a two piece filter head, illustrates other tunnel positions related to a single stage bypass system;

FIG. 25 is a bottom view of the two piece filter head illustrates coordinating positions of all tunnel exits and disposition of the magnets;

FIG. 26 is a top view of the two piece filter head illustrates the position of the centre chamber of the safety valve and the drain conduit;

FIG. 27 is a top view of a second circular steel cloth sheet filtering medium with a centre opening having a outer and inner U-ring sealing gasket;

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of the second circular steel cloth sheet medium referred to in FIG. 27;

FIG. 29 is a top view of a second circular, perforated and corrugated underlay member with a centre opening, which is the underlay member of the circular sheet medium referred to in FIG. 27;

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the second circular medium underlay member in FIG. 29;

FIG. 31 is a clearer cross-sectional view of the two piece filter head illustrates the single bypass system with the second medium and the second underlay member, positions of the two orifices, and tunnels;

FIG. 32 is a side view of the two piece filter head enclosed with a single bypass system in FIG. 31;

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of a assembled functioning invention with two piece filter head in its normal filtering mode comprised with a single stage bypass system, and a safety full flow filter;

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of the invention comprised with a two piece filter head in its restricted filtering mode comprised with a single stage bypass system and a safety full flow filter;

FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view of the invention of the same two piece filter head referred to in FIG. 34 comprises with a multiple stage bypass system;

FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view of the second circular bushing disk for multiple stage bypass system;

FIG. 37 is a full side view of the filter head enclosed with a multiple stage bypass system;

FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view of a transformed two piece filter head comprised with an alternate type of safety valve and the components to be installed in sequence;

FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view of the transformed two piece filter head comprises with a single stage bypass system;

FIG. 40 is a top view of the first circular bypass sheet medium without the centre opening referred to in FIG. 21;

FIG. 41 is a top view of the first circular perforated and corrugated underlay member referred to FIG. 5;

FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view of the two piece filter head enclosed with a single stage bypass system;

FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view of the invention is in the normal full flow and single stage bypass filtering mode in a transformed, alternate construction, equipped with an alternate safety valve, a shorter two piece filter head and without the safety full flow filter;

FIG. 44 is a cross-sectional view of the shorter two-piece filter head of the invention is in the restricted full flow and the single stage bypass filtering mode in an alternate construction, equipped with an alternate safety valve, and without the safety full flow filter;

FIG. 45 is a cross-sectional view of the shorter one-piece filter head of the invention functioning in its normal full flow mode without the bypass system and without the safety full flow filter;

FIG. 46 is a cross-sectional view of the shorter one-piece filter head of the invention function in its restricted full flow mode without the bypass system and without the safety full flow filter;

FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view of an alternate configuration of the invention, the same two-piece shorter filter head shown in FIG. 44 can be easily converted into a dual stage bypass system by incorporating a first circular bushing disk between the two piece shorter filter head;

FIG. 48 is a dual medium and underlay retainer member, the first circular bushing disk which is the same circular bushing disk shown in FIGS. 6 and 18, for nesting the safety full flow medium and the medium underlay member;

FIG. 49 is a side view of the two piece shorter filter head of the invention enclosed with the dual stage bypass system;

FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view of the invention having the orifice ducts 41 and 41 a enlarged and is easily transformed from a bypass system to an additional full flow filter system of the invention;

FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional filter canister is placed within a lathe ready to be machined off the top;

FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view of the conventional canister which is ready to receive the metal U-ring and to be mounted on top and around the rim;

FIG. 53 is a relationship of attachment between the new filter canister and the one piece filter head of the invention.

FIG. 54 is an exploded view of the warning device for use with the present invention;

FIG. 55 is a perspective view of the filter cap;

FIG. 56 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 55;

FIG. 57 is a perspective view of the underside of the filter cap;

FIG. 58 is a cross-sectional view of the filter cap and warning device in situ;

FIG. 59 is a perspective view tubular section of the apparatus;

FIG. 60 is a view similar to FIG. 58 with the tubular member in position;

FIG. 61 is a perspective view of the metal valves;

FIG. 62 is a side view of the valve springs;

FIG. 63 is a cross-sectional view of the tubular safety valves;

FIG. 64 is a cross-sectional view of the tubular member shown in FIG. 63;

FIG. 65 is a cross-sectional view of the valve assembly with the valves displaced;

FIG. 66 is a perspective view of the tubular member illustrating the position of the apertures;

FIG. 67 is a perspective view of the tubular member and the valve body in position;

FIG. 68 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 67;

FIG. 69 is a perspective view of the circular magnetic ring;

FIG. 70 is a perspective view of the circular ring as positioned on the assembly of FIG. 67;

FIG. 71 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 70;

FIG. 72 is a cross-sectional view of the relationship between warning device, filter cap, valve assembly, magnetic ring and tubular member shown with the valve assembly open;

FIG. 73 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 72 with the valve assembly closed;

FIG. 74 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 73 rotated 90°;

FIG. 75 is a perspective view of the circular disk for use in the present invention;

FIG. 76 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 75;

FIG. 77 is a perspective view of the underside of FIG. 75;

FIG. 78 is a cross-sectional view with the circular disk mounted on the assembly;

FIG. 79 is a similar view to FIG. 78 rotated 90°;

FIG. 80 is a perspective view of the underside of the top mounting plate of the safety filter medium;

FIG. 81 is a perspective view of the top of FIG. 80;

FIG. 82 is a perspective view of the safety filter medium cartridge;

FIG. 83 is a similar view to FIG. 82 in a different attitude;

FIG. 84 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the disposition of the filter cartridge and the elements of FIG. 78;

FIG. 85 is a perspective view of the cartridge shown in position in FIG. 84;

FIG. 86 is a perspective view of the top mounting plate of the main filter medium;

FIG. 87 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 86;

FIG. 88 is a perspective view of the underside of the member shown in FIG. 86;

FIG. 89 is a perspective view of the top of the bottom of the main filter plate;

FIG. 90 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 89;

FIG. 91 is a perspective view of the underside of FIG. 89;

FIG. 92 is a perspective view of the assembled main flow filter cartridge;

FIG. 93 is a perspective view of FIG. 92 in a different attitude illustrating the underside of the filter;

FIG. 94 is a cross-sectional view of the main filter cartridge in position with the ancilliary components shown in FIG. 84;

FIG. 95 is a perspective view of the main filter cartridge employed in the assembly of FIG. 94;

FIG. 96 is a perspective view of the top mounting plate:

FIG. 97 is a perspective view of the top mounting plate in a different attitude;

FIG. 98 is a perspective view of the fine filter cartridge;

FIG. 99 is a similar view to FIG. 98 in a different attitude;

FIG. 100 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly with the fine filter cartridge in situ;

FIG. 101 is a perspective view of the fine filter cartridge;

FIG. 102 is a perspective view of the assembled filter core having a triplet of stages;

FIG. 103 is a top plan view of the casing for the fine filter cartridge;

FIG. 104 is a side view of the casing of FIG. 103;

FIG. 105 is a bottom plan view of the casing;

FIG. 106 is a cross-sectional view of the fine filter casing in position at the bottom of the main filter cartridge;

FIG. 107 is a perspective view of the assembled filter core body more clearly illustrating the position of the orifice;

FIG. 108 is a similar view to FIG. 107 is a different attitude;

FIG. 109 is a perspective view of the canister ring;

FIG. 110 is a cross-section of FIG. 109;

FIG. 111 is a similar view of FIG. 110 in a different attitude;

FIG. 112 is a cross-sectional view of the ring illustrating the gasket in situ;

FIG. 113 is a cross-sectional view of the canister for use with the present invention;

FIG. 114 is an exploded view of the canister and the canister ring;

FIG. 115 is a cross-sectional view of the canister ring in position within the canister;

FIG. 116 is a view similar to FIG. 115 illustrating the locking system for the canister and canister ring interface;

FIG. 117 is a perspective view of the assembled unit of FIG. 116;

FIG. 118 is a perspective view of the complete filter core;

FIG. 119 is a cross-sectional view of a three-stage filter core in situ within the canister;

FIG. 120 is a similar view of FIG. 119 schematically illustrating the oil movement;

FIG. 121 is a similar view of FIG. 120 illustrating the oil movement in a different mode;

FIG. 122 is an exploded view of the warning device according to a further embodiment;

FIG. 123 is a perspective view of a central valve for use in the present invention;

FIG. 124 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 123;

FIG. 125 is a perspective view of FIG. 123 illustrating the underside of the valve;

FIG. 126 is an exploded view of the warning device, filter cap, valve spring and center valve casing;

FIG. 127 is a cross-sectional view of the fully assembled safety valve warning device and filter cap affixed thereto;

FIG. 128 is a similar view to FIG. 127 with the safety valve spring removed;

FIG. 129 is a similar view to FIG. 128 illustrating the valve in a closed position;

FIG. 130 is a perspective view of the filter cap and safety valve assembly in position;

FIG. 131 is a perspective view of the free flow tunnel;

FIG. 132 is a similar view to FIG. 131 in a different attitude;

FIG. 133 is a perspective view of the tubular section for containing the free flow tunnel;

FIG. 134 is a similar view to FIG. 133 with the tunnel in situ;

FIG. 135 is a perspective view of the arrangement shown in FIG. 130 together with the flow tunnel;

FIG. 136 is a perspective view of the top of the circular member for securing the safety filter cartridge;

FIG. 137 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 136;

FIG. 138 is a perspective view of FIG. 136 illustrating the underside thereof;

FIG. 139 is an exploded view of the position of the circular member and the relationship with the elements of FIG. 135;

FIG. 140 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 139 with the elements in the assembled condition;

FIG. 141 is a perspective view of the elements of FIG. 139;

FIG. 142 is a perspective view of the circular cap;

FIG. 143 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 142;

FIG. 144 is a perspective view of the top cover of FIG. 89;

FIG. 145 is a perspective view of the circular cap illustrating the underside;

FIG. 146 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 145;

FIG. 147 is a perspective view of the bottom of the cover;

FIG. 148 is an exploded view of illustrating the elongated auxiliary body and additional elements;

FIG. 149 is a perspective view of the elements of FIG. 148 is an assembled form;

FIG. 150 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 149;

FIG. 151 is a cross-sectional view of the elongated filter cartridge;

FIG. 152 is a perspective view of FIG. 151;

FIG. 153 is a perspective view with the caps shown in FIG. 145;

FIG. 154 is a partly exploded view of the elongated auxiliary body;

FIG. 155 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 154;

FIG. 156 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 155 illustrating the oil flow path;

FIG. 157 is a cross-sectional view of the partially assembled filter core;

FIG. 158 is a perspective view of the elements of FIG. 157;

FIG. 159 is a similar view of of FIG. 158 from a different attitude;

FIG. 160 is a perspective view of the completely assembled filter core;

FIG. 161 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the flow pattern for the oil:

FIG. 162 is a similar view to FIG. 161 illustrating the oil flow patterns when in a normal filtering mode;

FIG. 163 is a similar view to FIG. 162 illustrating the oil flow patterns in a restricted mode;

FIG. 164 is a cross-sectional view of the components of the safety device, filter cap, valve casing and auxiliary filter assembly.

FIG. 165 is a perspective view of the circular disk;

FIG. 166 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 165;

FIG. 167 is a perspective view of the underside of the member shown in FIG. 165;

FIG. 168 is a perspective view of the relationship of the auxiliary cartridge and the circular disk;

FIG. 169 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 168;

FIG. 170 is a perspective view of the assembly of the circular disk and the auxiliary cartridge having the safety filter in position;

FIG. 171 is a similar view to FIG. 170 from a different attitude;

FIG. 172 is an exploded cross-sectional view illustrating the warning device, safety valve and rectangular flow tunnel;

FIG. 173 is a perspective view of the tubular member;

FIG. 174 is a similar view to FIG. 173 illustrating the assemblies of in FIG. 172;

FIG. 175 is a circular disk member shown in perspective view;

FIG. 176 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 175;

FIG. 177 is a cross-sectional view of the elements shown in FIG. 175 from a different attitude;

FIG. 178 is a perspective view of the tubular member showing the disposition of the circular mounting disk;

FIG. 179 is a perspective view of a further disk for use in the present invention;

FIG. 180 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 179;

FIG. 181 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 180 from a different attitude;

FIG. 182 is a perspective view of the assembly of elements herein previously referred to;

FIG. 183 is a perspective view of the assembled elements;

FIG. 184 is a similar view to FIG. 183 in a different attitude;

FIG. 185 is a perspective view of the assembled filter core;

FIG. 186 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 185;

FIG. 187 is a cross-sectional view showing the movement of the oil in a first position;

FIG. 188 is a similar view to FIG. 187 illustrating the flow pattern of the oil through the filter media; and

FIG. 189 is a similar view to FIG. 188 showing the multiple stage filtration.

Similar numerals used in the Figures denote similar elements.

MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTIONS

Referring now to FIG. 1, shown is the filter head 2 comprising a circular solid piece of metal with magnets 2 m imbedded radially in its outer circumferential surface. The safety full flow filter 5 is a series of threaded components forming the filter body. The internal parts in sequence are a cylindrical full flow medium supporting member 6; a cylindrical full flow medium; a cylindrical full flow oil guide 8; a retaining base member 9; and a cylindrical filter canister 11 which may be adapted from a used conventional oil filter. The member at the bottom is the circular sealing gasket 11 a of the filter canister. The internal gasket member 12 with circular flap flared out axially also functions as a back flow cover to prevent dirty oil flowing back to the engine.

FIG. 2 illustrates a conventional device adapted to enhance the function of the invention, the spring 1 c holds the ball 1 d in closed position, when pressure pushes the ball 1 d up and touches the hollow pin 1 b triggering the ground contact of a DC circuit (not shown) connected by 1 e which is held in place by a small nut 1 f which completes the circuit and turns the warning light on. Thread 1 a is provided adjacent and beneath the main nut 1 for fastening within the filter head.

FIG. 3 illustrates the filter head 2. It is configured of four circular portions which gradually decrease in circumferential sizes from the top to the bottom. The top portion 2 a is configured as a cap having a radial flange beneath and adjacent to the portion 2 b, the latter being a threaded outer circumference. On the threaded outer circumference a O-ring sealing gasket 2 f rests in circular groove 2 g beneath flange 2 a. One level lower is the larger body portion 2 c where imbedded magnets 2 m are located. The adjacent bottom projected rim 2 d is threaded on its outer surface which may be adaptable by either an inward threaded circular bushing disk 5 (FIG. 6) or with a cylindrical medium support member 6 (FIG. 7). A circular recessed indentation 2 e is at the bottom face of the rim 2 d wherein forms the upper filter chamber when connected with bushing disk 5, illustrated in FIG. 6. A threaded drain nut 2 i plugs drain 2 h which is shown in greater detail in FIG. 22. The centre chamber cavity 2 k where the device 1, illustrated in FIG. 2, is positioned by a thread 2 b which thread matches thread 1 a on nut 1. Chamber 2 k is also designed for alternate applications where a pressure sensing gauge may be utilized.

FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a circular sheet filtering medium 3 having a U-ring sealing gasket 3 a mounted around its perimeter. The medium 3 will be labelled as first circular sheet medium 3 in order to distinguish it from the other circular sheet medium with a central opening which will be labelled as the second circular sheet medium 32 hereinafter.

FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a circular medium underlay member 4 which is corrugated and perforated. Sheet medium 3 is in use positioned on the top surface of member 4.

FIG. 6 depicts a cross-sectional view of a circular bushing member 5. A circular indentation forming a recessed surface 5 b is configured to receive medium 3 and member 4. The circular recess surface 5 b is bounded by an axially extending raised ledge 5 c. The thickness of member 4 in FIG. 5, when positioned on 5 b, does not exceed the height of ledge 5 c. Ledge 5 c holds the U-ring sealing gasket 3 a of medium 3 when it rests on top of the member 4. An inner thread 5 a is adaptable to receive other thread means 2 d in FIG. 3 is implemented adjacent above the ledge 5 c. A circular projected rim 5 d is a result of the above indented configuration. The first medium 3, member 4 and bushing 5 are assembled together which constitutes a safety full flow filter assembly which may be attached to the threaded bottom portion 2 d of the filter head 2 in FIG. 3. The smaller outer bottom portion 5 f has a threaded circumferential area designed to receive a cylindrical medium support member 6 in FIG. 7. The circular adaptable bushing disk 5 will be described further in detail concerning its other functions hereinafter in FIGS. 18, 20 and 48. The circular bushing disk 5 will be labelled as first circular bushing disk 5 hereinafter in order to distinguish the other circular bushing disk with a central projected rim bordering a central opening which will be labelled as the second circular bushing disk 42 referred to hereinafter in FIG. 36.

FIG. 7 depicts a cross-sectional view of a circular, cylindrical, corrugated, perforated metal medium support member 6 having opposed ends 6 b and 6 c threaded. Member 6 c connects with thread 5 f of circular bushing disk 5 in FIG. 6. Apertures 6 a are passages for oil that penetrate through to the core space from the cylindrical filtering medium.

FIG. 8 illustrates the circular cylindrical steel cloth filter medium 7 having both circular ends mounted with a circular “U” shape O-ring 7 a and 7 b. Cylindrical filtering medium 7 is sheathed over the cylindrical medium supporting member 6 in FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 illustrates that the circular cylindrical metal flow guide 8 has rows of large apertures and outwardly extending lips 8 b on one side of each aperture. The lips 8 b are designed to deflect the flow of oil along the filter wall towards the safety valve. The upper circular end 8 d of the flow guide 8 slides over the cylindrical filtering medium 7. Circular end 8 d fits frictionally around the non-threaded portion 5 f of the first circular bushing member 5 in FIG. 6 and is ready to be fastened in position in a later sequence (discussed hereinafter). The lower circular end 8 c is threaded together with the end member 9 b of a retaining base member 9 in FIG. 10.

FIG. 10 illustrates a retaining base member 9 which is a two tier threaded adapter forming the base of the filter core body. The base member 9 has an outward thread on the smaller circular platform portion 9 a to connect with threaded end member 6 b of cylindrical medium supporting member 6 in FIG. 7. Its larger bottom portion has a radially extending flange where end member 7 b of the cylindrical filtering medium 7 rests in FIG. 8. The other adjacent thread 9 b on the circumferential surface of the bottom portion is to be connected with the lower threaded end 8 c of flow guide 8 in FIG. 9. At the bottom face of the retaining base member 9, a smaller cylindrical collar-like supporting member 9 c is welded, preferably threaded in its centre allowing the return oil to flow through the centre hole 9 d. The filter assembly can now be connected to the retaining base member 9 in appropriate series. The oil flow guide 8 in FIG. 9 slides down and is joined together at thread 8 c with matching thread 9 b in FIG. 10. The above assembled parts form the completed lower-part of the filter body. This assembled filter head with filtering body is inserted into the open end of the canister 11 in FIG. 12.

FIG. 11 is the top view of the retaining base member 9 of FIG. 10 showing appropriate positions and features.

FIG. 12 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a conventional disposal steel canister having its top portion removed. A metal circular U-shaped O-ring 11 g with the open end downward having its inner axial surface 11 f threaded, is mounted on the top edge of rim 11 h of the canister 11. The generally rounded top-side of the metal U-ring 11 g is ideal to make a tight seal when securely threaded against the rubber O-ring sealing gasket 2 g in FIG. 3. At the bottom of the canister 11, the rubber O-ring sealant 11 a is the vital sealing gasket which is grooved in around the bottom part of the conventional filter canister to prevent leakage. A circular heavy gauge steel plate is the main structural base of the filter canister. The circular steel plate is configured with a radially concave area 11 c on which a plurality of apertures are symmetrically located in a circular pattern. The function of the apertures is to act as inlet ports 11 b for oil to enter the canister. The radial concave area is shown more clearly and is referenced hereinafter in FIG. 22. On the circular steel plate a larger centre aperture 11 d is also provided and is threaded on its inner surface. The aperture 11 d is the only main outlet port for return oil (shown on path 11 e) flowing back to the engine block (not shown).

FIG. 13 illustrates a dual function circular plastic member which may be moulded in one piece comprising a cylindrical collar 12 b and a circular flap 12 d flared outward to form a circular groove 12 c between collar 12 b and flap 12 d. The collar 12 b includes an opening 12 a designed to receive and sheath around 11 d in FIG. 12. The assembled filter embodiment when inserted into the filter canister therein the cylindrical collar supporting member 9 c of the retaining base member 9 in FIG. 10 rests and fits on the circular groove 12 c thereto, when the collar-flap member 12 is held down firmly in place by the complete filter insertion and when threaded together becomes an internal sealant between the embodied filter assembly and the bottom assembly of the filter canister therein separating the incoming and outgoing oil flow. The circular flap 12 d covers the radially positioned inlet ports 11 b to prevent oil flow back to the engine block when the engine is not in operation.

The assembled filter bead and canister, when completed, forms the filter. The apparatus is mounted on the engine block (not shown) by the centre threaded female receiving member lid in FIG. 12 which is placed on top of the male threaded member 13 e and threaded together by rotation on the oil filter mounting in FIG. 14. The rotation is continued until the O-ring seal gasket 11 a is in intimate contact with the engine mounting base and has been tightened so that the apparatus is secured tightly in position.

FIG. 14 illustrates the conventional oil filter mounting base 13 illustrating the exact position of convergence with the filter canister. When the apparatus is firmly attached onto the mounting base 13 in FIG. 14, a circular oil tunnel 17 referred to hereinafter in FIG. 22 is formed by closing a recessed circular indented area 13 a matching with the circular concave area 11 c in FIG. 12. Oil on path 13 d comes through outlet port 13 c and is distributed evenly within the circular tunnel 17 before entering inlet ports 11 b leading into the canister. Return oil flow at lie and 13 b coincides with the return oil flow in FIG. 14.

FIG. 15 illustrates another cross-sectional view of a one piece filter bead referred to in FIG. 3 and illustrates the positions of the open flow tunnel exits 15 and 15 a and the appropriate position of drain conduit 2 h. When the cylindrical main full flow medium is functioning normally, oil flows freely in and out of the open oil flow tunnel without disturbing the safety valve 1 d. The dashed lines illustrate the position of the safety valve tunnels referred to in FIG. 16.

FIG. 16 illustrates another cross-sectional view of the one piece filter head referred to in FIGS. 3 and 15 illustrating the coordinate positions of the safety valve tunnel exists 14 and 14 a, open tunnel exits 15 and 15 a, the central position of the safety valve 1 d and the position of the drain conduit 2 h.

FIG. 18 more clearly illustrates the first circular bushing disk 5 which is the same circular bushing disk 5 also referred to in FIGS. 6 and 18. The first circular bushing disk 5 has four additional functions the first of which is 5 b, having an indentation recess to contain the first medium and the first underlay shown in FIGS. 20 and 21. The second of which is element, 5 a, a female thread designed to receive the threaded bottom retainer rim 2 d shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. The third is 5 f which is the male threaded portion of the bottom retainer rim. The alternate function of element 5 f is to receive the cylindrical medium supporting member 6 in FIG. 7. The fourth of which is element 5 g, the bottom indentation designed to receive the first circular sheet medium 3 which becomes an upper chamber of the dual bypass system. FIG. 18 relative to FIG. 19 can be utilized as a bushing member to attach several filtering media in tandem making a series of filtering components.

FIG. 19 illustrates the bottom view of the first circular bushing disk 5 with apertures 5 h and also shown in FIGS. 6 and 48.

FIG. 20 shows the cross-sectional view of the first circular sheet medium 3 which is mounted with a U-ring sealing gasket 3 a, referred to in FIG. 4.

FIG. 21 illustrates the top view of the first circular sheet medium 3 and the U-ring 3 a. The medium 3 is used in the safety full flow filter 5 i as well as for media that are used for single and dual bypass filtering systems, as well as for alternate construction of the invention and for the purpose to be mentioned hereinafter with reference to FIG. 40.

FIG. 22 depicts a cross-sectional view and more clearly defines the invention. The one piece filter head 2 is the configuration without the built-in bypass system, but it is equipped with safety valve device 1 d and 1 e and safety full flow filter 5 i which it comprises with first circular bushing disk 5 when added to medium and underlay (FIGS. 6, 18 and 48). This assembly is for the normal filtering mode. Oil path 16 shows the oil moving from the engine and rapidly flowing around the oil tunnel] 17. Oil then enters the inlet ports 11 b, forces open the back flow flap 12 and travels paths 18 and 18 a. Flow continues passing through perforated holes on flow guide 8 then permeates the cylindrical full flow medium 7 and its perforated cylindrical supporting member 6. The oil continues to flow through paths 19 and 19 a within the hollow core space of the support 6, gathering momentum and passing through the centre opening 9 d of the circular retaining base member 9, through path 21 then returning to the engine. Oil flow to paths 20 and 20 a demonstrates that some oil moves around within the designated space of the invention and travels in and out of the open flow tunnel above the safety full flow filter 5 i.

Magnets 2 m attract any iron and steel metal particles and safety valve 1 d is a standby in the normal filtering mode position. The invention has two important read means on the main filter body for descriptive purpose. The first is located on the filter cap and designated as 2 b. Thus thread secures the filter cap with the filter canister at inward thread 11 f on U ring 11 g. To form a seal of the above two threaded components an “0” ring 2 g is utilized. The drain conduit 2 h has an extremity adjacent to thread 11 f. The vertical inverted position results in draining of 95% of the residual oil in the filter canister during servicing. At the bottom portion point 22 is the thread that secures the filter canister in place with the oil filter mounting base of the engine (not shown).

FIG. 23 illustrates another embodiment of the invention without the bypass system in accordance with FIG. 22. The system includes the safety full flow filtering system 5 i and safety valve 1 in a restricted filtering mode. Both systems are housed within a reclaimed conventional filter canister. Oil flowing on path 16 travels around space 17 and forces open the circular flap 12, entering inlet ports 11 b. Oil flows around the cylindrical full flow medium 7 and forward on paths 18 and 18 a. When the cylindrical full flow medium 7 surface is fouled with particles, the space around medium 7 is maintained by having flow guide 8 in between separating the moving oil flow from the clogged filtering medium. There is little or no movement within the space thus the oil flow is relatively inconsequential compared to the oil flow on the outside of the flow guide 8. The oil current moves rapidly towards the safety tunnels deflected further by the protruding lips 8 b. The oil flows along without disturbing the neutral space behind the flow guide 8 because of the baffling action of the protruding lips 8 b. The function of the flow guides is to prevent the moving oil stream from washing off the particles which may be trapped on the surface of the medium from being carried back to the engine. Oil flowing along paths 20 and 20 a inside the open flow tunnel proceeds on upwardly to paths 23 and 23 a and pushes the safety valve 1 d to open. The oil flow proceeds on paths 24 and 24 a then downward to paths 25 and 25 a entering the chamber of the safety full flow filter 5 i and filtered by the first circular sheet medium 3. The oil then permeates into the core area within the main cylindrical full flow medium 7 gathering momentum for the return to the engine shown on path 21. The safety valve 1 d is lifted to contact the sensor pin 1 b activating the indicator light connected to 1 c alerting the operator that safety valve is open and the main full flow medium is fouled. As the oil flows around the filter head the magnets 2 m imbedded in the lower filter body trap and thus remove suspended iron and steel particles from the oil flow.

FIG. 24 depicts a cross-sectional view of the filter head illustrating other features of the invention. In this embodiment, the filter head 2 comprises two halves, referred to in FIGS. 1, 3, 15, 16, 22 and 23. This configuration of the filter head includes an upper filter body 26 and a lower filter body 27. A single stage bypass system is provided and retains all other functions as the one piece filter head 2 thereby showing coordinate of the safety valve's central chamber 2 k. The latter houses the safety valve 1, magnets 2 m, drain conduit 2 h with the broken lines showing the safety and open tunnels. Ducts 28 a and 28 b lead into chambers 29 and 29 a of the bypass chamber 20 and 30 a. The two exit tunnels 31 and 31 a are beneath the circular chamber spaces 30 and 30 a. The chambers 29 and 29 a inside the upper filter body 26 are not necessarily in alignment with the two exit tunnels 31 and 31 a when threaded together with the lower filter body 27.

FIG. 25 illustrates more clearly the bottom view of the lower filter body 27 concerning the appropriate positions of all the features within the two piece filter head in FIG. 24. Exits 31 and 31 a are the tunnel exits of the bypass system, referred to in FIG. 21. Exits 14 and 14 a are the safety tunnels illustrated in FIGS. 15, 17 and 23. Horizontal tunnel exits 15 and 15 a are the open flow tunnels illustrated in FIGS. 16, 22 and 23. The drain conduit 2 h is located adjacent to the top rim of the upper body member 26 of the filter head while magnets 2 m are aligned around the circular surface in positions to avoid blocking the exits 15 and 15 and orifice ducts 28 a and 28 b shown in FIG. 24.

FIG. 26 illustrates the top view of the upper filter body 26 of the filter head referring to FIGS. 24 and 25. Central chamber 2 k is the housing chamber for appropriate sensing instruments, such as safety valve or pressure gauge. Location 2 h is the position of the top drain conduit.

FIG. 27 illustrates the top view of the second circular steel cloth sheet medium 32 with an opening 32 b to which accommodates the safety valve 1 referred to in FIGS. 24 and 31 within centre chamber 2 k. The second circular sheet medium 32 has the U-ring sealing gasket 32 a on the outer rim and a centre sealing gasket 32 c defining the centre opening 32 b. The second sheet medium 32 is made for the filtering system within the filter head which is equipped with a centre cavity chamber 2 k described in FIGS. 24 and 25.

FIG. 28 depicts more clearly the cross-sectional view of the second circular sheet medium 32, with U-ring 32 a, centre U-ring 32 c and centre opening 32 b.

FIG. 29 and FIG. 30 illustrate the top view and cross-sectional view of the corrugated and perforated sheet metal second circular underlay member 33 with a centre opening 33 b which is aligned concentrically with the centre opening 32 b of the second medium 32 in FIG. 27 and the centre instrument chamber 2 k in FIG. 24.

FIG. 31 depicts a cross-sectional view according to the aforementioned single stage bypass system within the two piece filter head referred to in FIG. 24. At the bottom of the upper filter body 26, there is included a projected outer rim member 36 threaded on its outer circumferential area 35. The projected outer rim member 36 encompasses a recess area 36 a forming the upper bypass chamber extending radially inwardly surrounding an inner circular projected member 37 bordering the safety valve chamber 2 k. On the surface of the recess 36 a there are two symmetrically positioned shallow holes 29 and 29 a, referred to in FIG. 24 which are the chambers designed to receive small oil streams from the orifice ducts 28 a and 28 b, positioned at points 334 and 34 a. As on the top circular surface of the lower filter body 27 the same arrangement is provided to form the lower bypass chamber. A projected outer rim member 38 having inner circumferential thread 38 a, adjacent to but beneath the thread 38 a is a raised circular ledge 39 which encompasses a recess area 39 a. The latter extend radially and inwardly surrounding an inner circular projected member 40 which matches the inner circular projected member 37 and also borders the safety valve chamber 2 k. On the surface of the recess area 39 a, two matching size apertures 31 and 31 a extend to the bottom of the lower filter body 27 comprising the oil exit tunnels. The second circular underlay member 33 is placed under the second circular sheet medium 32 against the recess surface 39 a of the lower bypass chamber of the lower filter body 27. The outer U-ring sealing gasket 32 a of the second circular medium 32 rests on top the circular ledge 39 so that its small centre U-ring sealing gasket 32 is seated on top of the circular projected member 40. During the threading action that brings together the upper filter body 26 and lower filter body 27, the projected outer rim member 36 matches circular ledge 39 and closes intimately so that contact on outer U-ring seal gasket 32 is made. The inner circular projected member 37 of the upper filter body 26 simultaneously comes in intimate contact on inner U-ring 32 a and inner U-ring 32 c and thus the second circular sheet medium 32 is secured within the single bypass chamber forming a sandwiched filter construction.

FIG. 32 illustrates a full side view of the enclosed two piece filter head with upper filter body 26 and lower filter body 27 having a bottom rim 27 a threaded on its outer circumference, referred to in FIG. 31. The threaded circumference 27 a is for receiving the cylindrical medium supporting member 6 referred to in FIG. 7 or the adaptable first circular bushing disk 5 which forms the safety full flow filter 5 i, referred to in FIGS. 18, 22, and 23. The bottom recessed indentation 27 b is the upper chamber of the safety full flow filter 5 i, referred to in FIGS. 18 and 22 which in the case that such application can be utilized by adapting the first circular bushing disk 5, referred to in FIGS. 6 and 18.

FIG. 33 illustrates the various oil paths that flow within the filter canister. The normal filtering mode is comprised of a single stage bypass system, the magnets 2 m are in the position along the safety valve id and the safety full flow filter 5 i, referred to in FIGS. 18 and 22. Oil from engine flows on oil path 16 moves around space 17 and then enters inlet ports 11 b then flows into the cylindrical canister shown by oil paths 18 and 18 a. The main flow of oil moves rapidly on paths 19 and 19 a into the perforated holes of flow guide 8, then permeates through the flow guide 8 and is filtered by the cylindrical main full flow medium 7 thereupon passing through the cylindrical medium supporting member 6. Other oil paths denoted by arrows 20 and 20 a show that oil travels freely in and out the open flow tunnel 15 referred to in FIG. 16. In this normal filtering mode, the safety valve 1 d is in the closed position; some oil is forced into the single stage bypass filtering chamber via the orifice ducts shown by oil paths 41 and 41 a. Oil filtered by a finer second circular sheet medium 32 in FIG. 31 passes the first courser safety full flow sheet medium 3 in FIG. 4 within safety full flow filter 5 i referred to in FIGS. 6 and 18. The filtered bypass oil stream merges with the filtered main oil flow stream within the core space of the cylindrical medium support 6 and returns to the engine shown on oil path 21.

FIG. 34 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the invention in accordance with FIG. 33 and shows various oil paths in the restricted filtering mode. In this embodiment, the arrangement provides the magnets 2 m, single stage bypass system and the safety full flow filter 5 i. Oil from engine flows on oil path 16, going around space 17, entering inlet ports 11 b, oil paths 18 and 18 a which show oil moving within the filter canister 11. The oil is moving rapidly in this mode flowing forward, passing by the guide 8 without disturbing the contaminated cylindrical full flow medium 7 referred to in FIG. 8 and flowing on to paths 20 and 20 a. Oil entering the full flow tunnel 15 on paths 23 and 23 a illustrates that oil forces open the safety valve 1 d and advancing on path 24 and 24 a within the two safety valve tunnels referred to in FIGS. 15 and 23. The oil continues to flow rapidly toward the safety full flow filter 5 h and is filtered by a course first circular sheet filter medium 3 referred to (FIGS. 21 and 23). Simultaneously, oil flows through open-flow tunnel 15 and around the magnets 2 m. The flow on paths 41 and 41 a shows oil entering the bypass filtering chamber via the orifice ducts 28 a and 28 b referred to in FIG. 31 and being filtered by the finer second circular sheet medium 32. The small oil stream then flows into the bypass exit tunnels approaching the safety full flow filter 5 i thereto, penetrates the course first circular sheet medium 3 and merges with the filtered main oil flow shown on oil paths 25 and 25 a within the core space of the cylindrical medium support member 6. Gathering momentum the oil then flows back into the engine on oil path 21. If the cylindrical main full flow filtering medium is fouled the safety valve 1 d is lifted to contact the sensor pin 1 b thereby activating the indicator light via 1 c to alert that the safety valve is functioning and the main oil flow is restricted. The magnets 2 m continue to trap iron and steel particles that flow near the field.

FIG. 34 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the invention in relation to FIG. 31 which comprises a single stage bypass system within the same two piece filter head, therebetween. By inserting the second circular bushing disk 42 which is connected with the top portion of lower filter body 27 ensuring the circular medium underlay 33 and second circular sheet medium 32 remains in place on top of the lower filtering member 27. Another second circular medium underlay 44 and another second circular sheet medium 43 are then placed on the top surface of the second circular bushing disk 42. The above assembly when connected with upper filter body 26, results in the conversion of a single stage bypass into a dual stage bypass system within the same two piece filter head.

FIG. 35 illustrates the coordinate positions of the oil orifice ducts 25 and 28 a, drain conduit 2 h, with dashed lines showing open flow exit tunnel 47 and 17 a, as well as safety flow tunnel exits 48 and 48 a, dual bypass tunnel exits 49 and 19 a, and threads on the outer surface of the rim 27 a.

As a further example of the versatility of the invention by enlarging the oil duct 28 a and 28 b into full flow oil tunnels and replacing them with circular sheet filtering media, the system may be converted into a single stage or a dual stage full flow system as broadly shown in FIG. 50 discussed in greater detail hereinafter.

FIG. 36 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the second circular bushing disk 42, which has a circular projected rim 42 a. The adjacent thread 51 is on the inner rim area of the member 41 a. A radially extended raised ledge 48 is adjacent to and beneath the thread 51 and encompasses circular recess surface 49. Surface 49 has a central axis aperture with a raised circular lip shown as projected member 50. A second circular medium underlay member 33 is then placed beneath a second circular sheet medium 32 against the recess surface 49 referred to in FIG. 35. When upper filter body 26 is assembled together with the second circular bushing disk 42, the result of the threading action is that two circular pressure areas are created on the upper side of the second circular bushing disk 42, which is the circular ledge 48 and centre circular projected member 50. The second outer U-ring sealing gasket 31 a rests on ledge 48 and the second central U-ring gasket 32 c rests on the central projected member 50, reference to FIG. 35. Openings 54 are passages for filtered oil. The bottom portion of the second circular bushing disk 42 is made to receive the lower filter body 27. The second circular bushing disk 42 has on its outer circumference 57, a 90° indent, which is threaded to receive the lower filter body 27. Surface 53 which is the bottom recess forming an outer projected rim-member 55 encompasses a radially, inwardly extending recess 53 which becomes the upper chamber of the second stage filter. Recess 53 having the central axis with circular raised rim, shown as projected member 55 bordering safety valve chamber 2 k, referred to in FIG. 35. There are two circular pressure areas on this lower part of the circular bushing disk 42, the projected rim 52 for pressing the (2nd) outer U-ring sealing gasket 32 a and the centre circular projected member 55 for pressing the (2nd) centre U-ring sealing gasket 32 c.

FIG. 37 illustrates a side view of an enclosed filter head in accordance with FIG. 36 depicting of a dual bypass system. This alternate form of the invention is complete when the upper filter body 26 and the lower filter body 27 are sandwiched together with the second circular bushing disk 42 referred to in FIG. 36. The bottom portion of the lower filter body 27 having a threaded outer circular surface 27 a forms a projected rim which forms a recess. The recess 27 b becomes the upper chamber of the safety full flow filter 5 i when adapted to the first circular bushing disk 5, referred to in FIG. 18.

FIG. 38 illustrates another transformation and alternate configuration of the invention having a two piece filter head. The embodiment shown resembles the configurations in FIGS. 32 and 33. The centre nut 59 on the top of the upper filter body 61 has a four-way hole 59 a interconnected for easy removal from the filter canister by inserting a metal rod and turning to loosen the nut. A screwdriver or other instrument may be used to loosen the nut. Adjacent to the edge of the cap 61 a is a drain nut 60. When drain nut 60 is screwed to drain conduit 60 a it closes the drain. Lower filter body 62 of the filter bead has magnets 73 imbedded in the surrounding surface. The alternate safety valve 62 installed at the bottom centre is centrally connected to the open flow tunnel 75.

This alternate design provides a flatter filter head for situations where installation space is limited. FIG. 38 also exhibits more clearly the sequence of assembling the invention made up of cylindrical medium support 6, cylindrical full flow medium 7, cylindrical flow guide 8, retaining base member 9 and the open end filter canister 11. In particular, FIG. 38 illustrates the relationship between the cylindrical medium support 6, the cylindrical full flow medium 7 and the cylindrical flow guide 8.

FIG. 39 depicts the cross-sectional view of the invention according to FIG. 38 and exhibits more clearly the alternate configuration of the shorter two piece filter head of the invention also related to in FIG. 31 and 38. The two piece filter head, consisting of an upper filter body 61 and a lower filter body 62, contains a single stage bypass system. The filter head equipped without the cylindrical safety valve chamber 2 a is referred to in FIG. 24 and 3. In this alternate configuration, an alternate safety valve 63 is implemented and is located at a different position. The circular sheet medium 69 resembles sheet medium 3 in FIG. 21 and the circular medium underlay member 70 requires no centre opening as shown in FIG. 40 and FIG. 41. The drain nut 60 is threaded in place shutting the drain conduit 60 a. The O-ring 64 is fitted into a groove and is positioned adjacent to and above the threaded circular surface 65. The other outer threaded circular surface 66 of the upper filter body 61 is designed to receive the inner threaded rim 71 of the lower filter body 62. The circular ledge 71 a is made so the outer U-ring seal gasket 69 a of medium 69 can rest on it. During the threading action, pressure is applied equally on circular projection 66 a and the circular ledge 71 a creating intimate contact on the filtering medium perimeter seal 69 a. The filtering medium being secured by the above action beneath the circular underlay member 70 and are both sandwiched between the upper body 61 and lower body 62. Orifices 67 and 67 a lead to chambers 68 and 68 a of the upper filter head. Two openings 72 and 7 a having both extremities through the bottom of lower body 61 are the two bypass tunnels. Magnets 73 are installed on the circular surface of lower part 62. The thread 62 aon the outer surface of the bottom rim of lower part 62 is for connecting the cylindrical full flow element 7 in FIG. 38 or with the safety full flow filter 5 i in FIG. 18.

FIG. 40 depicts the top view of the circular sheet medium 69 which can be used as the medium for the single stage and the dual stage bypass systems for the filter head shown in FIG. 39 without the centre safety valve chamber 2 k. The circular sheet medium 69 is the same as the circular medium 3 referred to in FIG. 4 and can also be used as the filtering medium for the safety full flow medium 3 in FIG. 21 provided appropriate porosity is used. The circular U-ring seal gasket 69 a is the same cis the 3 a shown in FIG. 21.

FIG. 41 exhibits the top view of the circular medium underlay member 70 of the circular sheet medium 69 which also can be used in the single stage and the dual stage bypass system as well as in the safety full flow filter 5 i referred to in FIG. 5.

FIG. 42 illustrates a side view of the two piece filter head with upper filter body 62 and lower filter body 62, forming the single stage bypass system of the invention, having magnets 73 on the circumferential surface of lower filter body 62. The dashed line shows the positions of the open flow tunnel exits 75 and 75 a.

FIG. 43 illustrates the assembled alternate construction of the invention in the normal filtering mode. The embodiment also contains the alternate safety valve 63 and a single stage bypass system within the filter bead. Oil flows out from the engine on the oil path denoted by arrow 16 flowing in space 17, enters inlet ports 11 b, flows rapidly on the path denoted by arrows 18 and 18 a. The oil then flows in apertures 19 and 19 a into the main full flow element from around the flow guide 8 via all perforated holes 8 a. Some oil flows freely on paths 20 and 20 a in and out of the open flow tunnels 75 and 75 a. At this stage the safety valve 63 remains in a closed mode. Small amounts of oil travel further on path 76 and 76 a and are forced into orifices 58 and 58 a shown on path 77 and 77 a. The oil permeates through the bypass medium down to the bypass tunnels and into the core space within the cylindrical full flow medium. This oil merges with the main filtered oil flow gathering momentum while flowing back into the engine on path 21 (not shown).

FIG. 44 exhibits the functioning invention in the restricted filtering mode. The embodiment comprises a single stage bypass system within the filter head. Oil flowing out of the engine on the oil path denoted by arrow 16 goes around space 17 entering inlet ports and moving rapidly forward on the paths denoted by arrows 18 and 18 a, passing through the flow guide 8 without disturbing the fouled medium which lies behind the baffled oil flow. Oil paths denoted by arrows 20 and 20 a show the oil flowing towards the open flow tunnel on path 79 and 79 a to open the safety valve 63 which allows the main flow of oil to disperse into the core space of the cylindrical medium support member. Some of the oil travelling on flow paths 76 and 76 a is forced into orifices 58 and 58 a shown on paths 70 and 70 a entering the upper bypass chamber thereupon permeating through the bypass medium down the bypass tunnels into the core space within the cylindrical element support. The oil flow proceeds and merges with the main unfiltered oil flow gathering momentum and returning to the engine on path 21. At this stage the bypass filter may be clogged by particles and may not function at a desirable capacity.

FIG. 45 is a schematic version of the invention which shows the filter head 80 with no bypass system and no safety full flow filter. This schematic shows an alternate assembly of the invention in a normal filtering mode. Oil from the engine block (not shown) flowing on path 16 spreads around the concave recess space 17 and is forced through inlet ports. The oil flow then forcibly opens the circular flap into the filter canister. Oil flows rapidly upward on the paths denoted by arrows 18 and 18 a entering the flow guide 8. The oil flowing on paths 19 and 19 a shows oil penetrating the main full flow element. The filtered main oil flow picks up momentum and returns to the engine on path 21. Oil paths 20 and 20 a show oil travelling freely within the open flow tunnel flowing around the imbedded magnets 73, all the while the safety valve 63 remains in the closed position.

FIG. 46 is a same assembly to FIG. 45 depicting the filter head 80. The filter head has no bypass system, nor does it have a safety full flow filter. This alternate assembly of the invention is restricted filtering mode. Oil forced out from the engine (not shown) flows oh the oil path denoted by arrow 16 flowing around space 17, entering the inlet ports and forcing open the circular flap. The oil flowing into the filter casing moves rapidly forward on the paths represented by arrows 18 and 18 a, passing by the flow guide 8 without disturbing the fouled cylindrical full flow medium 78 behind it because of the baffled ports and the protective body of the flow guide 8. Oil paths 20 and 20 a show the oil flowing in the open flow tunnel and proceeding on oil flow paths 79 and 79 a, the oil flow pushes open the safety valve 63 and allows the main flow of oil from the oil body to disperse into the core space of the cylindrical full flow medium as shown on the oil path shown by arrows 79 and 79 a. The oil flow in growing filtered volume flows back to the engine (not shown) on the path represented by arrow 21.

FIG. 47 depicts another alternate configuration of the invention which comprises a dual bypass system. With accompanying reference to FIG. 39, the same filter head of the upper filter body 61 and the lower filter body 62 is used to show additional filtering capacity. A dual bypass system can be demonstrated by separating the upper and lower filter body of the filter head and ensuring the first circular sheet medium 69 and the first circular medium underlay 70 remain in position on top of lower filter body 62. The dual bypass system is then created by simply adding the first circular bushing disk 5 (FIG. 6,) which is housed with a second circular sheet filtering medium 82 and a second circular medium underlay member 83. The above assembly, when threaded together with the lower filter body 62, forms the lower part of the first stage of the dual bypass filter assembly.

The second stage of the dual bypass filter assembly is made by adding upper filter body 61 in a stacked configuration. When the upper filter body 61 is stacked and threaded in place above the first circular bushing disk 5 which contains the second circular filtering medium 82 and the second circular medium underlay member 83, a multiple sandwiched filtering assembly is formed, which is the dual bypass system of the invention. The dashed line shows the position of the open flow channel exits 74 and 74 a, and 62 a is the threaded outer circumference to receive the cylindrical medium supporting member 6.

FIG. 48 depicts a cross-sectional view of the circular bushing disk member 81 which is the same first circular bushing disk 5 that was shown in FIGS. 6 and 47. The inner threaded rim surface 81 a is adjacent to a raised circular ledge 81 d whereon rests the U-ring 81 and medium 82. Ledge 18 d encompasses upper recessed circular surface 81 c having perforations 81 b that provide openings for the passage of filtered oil. The recessed circular surface 81 c when attached to an upper filter head body becomes a lower filtering chamber. The lower outer threaded rim surface 81 e is designed to connect with the lower filter body referred to in FIG. 47. The projected circular member 81 f forms a circular rim to hold down the U-ring of a second filtering medium when used in a dual bypass system. The bottom recessed surface 18 g when attached to a lower filter body becomes the upper filter chamber referred to in FIG. 47. The circular bushing disk member 81 also can be used as the safety full flow filter 5 i referred to in FIGS. 6 and 18.

FIG. 49 illustrates a side view of the alternate filter head with upper filter body 61 and lower filter body 62 enclosed with a dual bypass system facilitated by adaptable circular bushing disk member 81. The outward threaded rim surface 62 a is for adapting a safety full flow filter 5 i or with the cylindrical full flow medium 7.

FIG. 50 illustrates the upper filter body referring to the same upper filter body in FIG. 33 with the tiny orifice ducts enlarged and the finer circular medium replaced with a courser circular sheet medium.

FIG. 51 depicts additional components of the invention. Part of the invention when utilizing conventional or existing filter canisters that are on the market and adapting them to receive the internal filtering media of the invention creates a reusable filtering canister. When a typical oil filter is removed from an internal combustion engine in the conventional way, the filter is then placed on a metal lathe adapted to receive the used filter canister 11. By rotating the filter canister 11 and pressing against its side with a fixed cutting tool ilk, the top of the typical filter body 11 j is cut off at a predetermined point. The contaminated internal paper filtering material and other materials are removed from the filter canister 11. The filter canister 11 is then cleaned.

FIG. 52 depicts the cleaned-open-ended filter canister 11. This reclaimed filter canister 11 is now ready to receive a metal O-ring 11 g which is cross-sectionally shaped in a “U” fashion. The U-ring is fitted to the cleaned filter canister with various conventional fasteners such as, welding or crimping etc. U-ring 11 g is mounted inversely and secured radially on the top of the rim and the internal radial surface 11 g is threaded by an appropriate instrument. The U-ring 11 g fits tightly against the rubber O-ring sealing gasket 2 g of the filter head when fastened together and is designed to secure an internal filtering apparatus. The refitted filtering canister receives the core of the invention, and the filtering devices and mechanism can be used and reused over and over again. The core part of the invention when assembled in the refurbished canister creates ai complete multiple-system filter which is reusable for the entire life of the internal combustion engine.

FIG. 53 illustrates the configuration of a new filter canister 11 m comprising an open-end 11 n and a metal O-ring 11 q which has an inner thread lip, the O-ring is placed within the canister 11 m therein before the open-end 11 n is curled inwardly forming a radially extending groove thereby the metal ring 11 q is fitted in the grove and is secured by crimping means. The one piece filter head 80 related to FIG. 45 shows the relationship of attachment between the filter head 80 and the canister 11 m.

FIG. 54 is an exploded view showing the assembling order of the warning device used in conjunction with the present invention. The device includes a head bolt 1′ with a threaded shaft 1 a′ and has two functions;

i) to secure the warning light assembly to the filter cap; and

ii) when it is secured it acts as part of a conductor to activate the warning light.

A metal washer 2′ with wiring connector 2 a′ is provided for ground circuit connection. Numeral 3′ represents the head bolt nylon top washer functioning as a sealing washer as well as an insulating washer to isolate the head bolt from contacting the metal filter cap and the metal filter canister and ground for the electrical current which activates the warning light. Numeral 4′ denotes the head bolt nylon insulating nut which seats in the central cavity of the filter cap isolate the head bolt shaft from contacting the metal filter cap. Numeral 5′ denotes a head bolt nylon bottom washer with a center hole 5 a′ which is also a sealing washer and acts as an insulator preventing the grounding of the head bolt which is the conductor of the electrical current that activates the warning light or indicating device. Head bolt receiving nut 6′ has a threaded centre cavity 6 a′ with metal pin 6 b′ inserted across.

Numeral 7′ denotes the assembled warning/securing device which is fastened to the center of the filter head cap. Small tip springs 8′ and 8 a′ are affixed to each end of the pin 6 b′. (Numeral 7′ is the complete warning/safety assembly, the attached pins are the shafts that when pressure springs and circuit springs with valves are attached drive the piston like circular safety valves in a open position. At both ends of the pin, the small tip springs are affixed which are the circuit activating contact point when oil flow forces the metal valves against the small springs.)

FIG. 55 illustrates the top side view of a filter cap having a center cavity 9′ to accommodate the securing device 7′ in FIG. 54. Filter cap 9′ is the major component which secures all other components of the filtering mechanism to the canister.

FIG. 56 is the cross-sectional view of the filter cap 9′. The inside thread 9 e′ is the fastener for mounting the head to the canister body, adjacent to the threads is an outer annular groove which fits a tubular section which functions as a partition, support member and positioning member. Towards the center, 9 b′, is a second annular groove that fits a tubular section which also functions as a partition, supporting member and securing device for other components of the filter core. Numeral 9 d′ is the circular indentation to receive the center safety valve assembly hereinafter described, as well as the warning/safety device 7′ in FIG. 54. Numeral 9 a′ is the center cavity which receives the complete top bolt assembly.

FIG. 57 illustrates an underside view of the filter cap 9′ depicting a clearer view of its configuration.

FIG. 58 illustrates the warning/device 7′ and the filter cap 9′ which are assembled together.

FIG. 59 illustrates the configuration of a tubular section 10′ functioning as a partition and a securing and supporting member having two corresponding arch-like openings 10 a′ and 10 b′ for accommodating a small tubular shape like safety valve assembly (not shown). The top side 10 c′ is inserted into groove 9 b′, of the filter cap 9′.

FIG. 60 illustrates the assembled filter cap 9′, warning/device 7′ at a 90° angle as shown in FIG. 54 and the tubular section 10′.

FIG. 61 illustrates two pieces of flat annular light metal valve 11′ and 11 a′ which functions as valves as well as conducting ground circuit to the warning/safety device 7′ in FIG. 54 once the valves contact the contacting springs 8′ and 8 a′ in FIG. 54.

FIG. 62 illustrates two sets of springs 12′ and 12 a′ forming part of the safety valve assembly. The pressure of the springs is specified to be lower than the bypass valve spring pressure that is built into the engine block (not shown).

FIG. 63 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the tubular safety valve assembly having a tubular body 13′ with two open ends 13 b′ and 13 c′ with both capped. Apertures 13 d′ and 13 e′ function as oil passages. Retainer springs 13 f′ are provided. 13 a′ is the opening to receive the warning/safety device 7′ in FIG. 54.

FIG. 64 illustrates a cross-section of the assembly of elements 11′, 12′, and 13′. Springs 12′ and 12 a′ are retained in opposite section of the tubular body 13′ by retainers 13 f′ forcing flat valves 11′ and 11 a′ against the edge closing both ends 13 b′ and 13 c′. At this stage, the safety valves assembly is in its closed mode and 11 b′ showing the oil bounds off from the closed flat valve 11′.

FIG. 65 illustrates valves 11′ and 11 a′ pushed inwardly. They open with the oil path shown by numerals 13 g′ and 13 h′.

FIG. 66 is a perspective view of tubular member 14′ having two corresponding holes 14 a′ and 14 b, its top end 14 c′ inserted into the outer groove 9 c′ of filter cap 9′ in FIG. 56. Tubular member 14′ houses the complete safety valve assembly and the safety filter medium.

FIG. 67 illustrates the safety valve tubular body 13′ inserted in position in the upper portion of tubular member 14′ and secured in apertures 14 a′ and 14 b′.

FIG. 68 illustrates the relationship of warning/safety device 7′, safety valves assembly 13′ and the tubular member 14′.

FIG. 69 illustrates an isometric view circular magnetic ring 14 c′ which can be slide on the outside of tubular member 14′.

FIG. 70 illustrates the relationship of safety valve assembly 13′, tubular member 14′ and magnetic ring 14 c′.

FIG. 71 illustrates the relationship of the safety valve assembly 13′, the safety warning device and the tubular 14′ to which the magnetic ring 14 c′ is attached. The safety valves flap 11′ and 11 a′ are shown open.

FIG. 72 illustrates the relationship of warning device 7′, filter cap 9′, safety valve assembly 13′, magnetic ring 14 c′, tubular member 14′ and the tubular member 10′. The safety valve assembly is shown open.

FIG. 73 illustrates the same perspective view of FIG. 72, but with safety valve assembly 13′ closed.

FIG. 74 also demonstrates the same perceptive view of FIG. 72 except that it is from a 90° angle of FIGS. 72 and 73 and the safety valves are closed.

FIG. 75 illustrates the side top dimensional view of a circular disk member 15′.

FIG. 76 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the circular disk member 15′. Element 15 a′ represents a raised top which is an important positioning feature for fitting the bottom part of the tubular member 10′ referenced in FIG. 6. At the bottom, 15 b′ is the raised rim, 15 c′ is the indentation for accommodating the safety filter cartridge, 15 d′ is a raised circular wall that once the top part of the circular safety filter cartridge is placed in area 15 c′ thereby positioning it between 15 d′ and 15 b′. Area 15 e′ is also created for housing an auxiliary filter body (not shown).

FIG. 77 illustrates an underside view of the circular disk member 15′.

FIG. 78 illustrates a cross-sectional view with the circular disk 15′ installed in position directly beneath tubular member 10′ having 15 a′ positioned with the bottom of the tubular member 10′. The assembling order and relationship of the warning device 7′, filter cap 9′, the tubular member 10′, the safety valves assembly 13′ and the tubular member 14′ is shown.

FIG. 79 illustrates a 90′ cross-sectional view of FIG. 76.

FIG. 80 illustrates a bottom view of the top mounting plate 16′ of the safety filtering medium having a raised outer edge 16 a′ and a raised rim 16 b′ adjacent center opening 16 c′ which is the core space for return oil passage. The annular indented space 16 d′ between 16 a′ and 16 b′ is created wherein one end of the safety filter medium is mounted.

FIG. 81 illustrates a perspective view of the bottom mounting plate 17′, which is identical in size and configuration with the top mounting plate 16′ referenced with respect to FIG. 80.

FIGS. 82 and 83 illustrate the assembled safety filter medium cartridge 18′ having the filtering medium sandwiched by both top mounting plate 16′ and bottom mounting plate 17′.

FIG. 84 illustrates a cross-sectional view showing the relationship of the safety filter medium cartridge and the assembled parts referenced in FIG. 78.

FIG. 85 illustrates a dimensional view of the safety filter medium cartridge to be affixed in position to the assembly shown in FIG. 84.

FIG. 86 illustrates a perspective view of a circular member 19′ which is the top mounting plate of the main filter medium. Mounting plate 19′ includes a raised perimeter edge 19 a′ and a raised center ring 19 c′, thus creating annular area 19 b′, and a center hole 19 e′, which is the core passage for the returned oil. The indented annular area 19 b′, is for accommodating the bottom part of the safety filter cartridge referenced in FIG. 82 and 19b′, comprises an annular groove 19 d′ in which an O-ring is inserted for sealing purposes.

FIG. 87 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the top main filter medium mounting plate 19′.

FIG. 88 illustrates the underside of the top main filter medium mounting plate 19′. Plate 19′ also includes a raised perimeter edge 19 g′ and a raised center ring 19 i′ adjacent the center opening 19 c′, the circular indented area wherein the one end of the main filter medium is mounted.

FIGS. 89, 90 and 91 illustrate various views of the bottom main filter medium mounting plate 20′ which is identical in size and configuration with the top mounting plate 19′ referenced in FIGS. 86, 87 and 88. FIG. 91 shows the bottom side view of the bottom mounting plate wherein the top part of the fine micronics medium cartridge is to be affixed.

FIGS. 92 and 93 illustrate the assembled main full flow filter cartridge 21′ with filter medium 21 a′ in place.

FIG. 94 illustrates the main filter cartridge 21′ connected in proper position with other assembled components referenced in FIG. 84. Rubber O-rings 19 k and 20 k are both in place.

FIG. 95 illustrates a perspective view of the safety filter medium cartridge to be affixed in proper position.

FIG. 96 illustrates a perspective view of the top mounting plate 22′ of the safety filtering medium having a raised outer edge 22 a′ and a raised rim 22 b′ adjacent the center opening 22 c′ which is the core space for returning oil passage. The annular indented space 22 d′ between 22 a′ and 22 b′ is created wherein one end of the safety filter medium is mounted.

FIG. 97 illustrates a perspective view of the mounting plate 23′ and its center opening 23 a′. The mounting plate 22′ and 23′ are identical in size and configuration both have a center opening.

FIGS. 98 and 99 illustrate different views of the assembled fine micronic filter medium cartridge 24′ having the filtering medium sandwiched by both top mounting plate 22′ and bottom mounting plates 23′.

FIG. 100 illustrates is a cross-sectional view showing the fine micronic filter cartridge properly installed in place with the assembled components referenced in FIG. 41. The assembled filter core having all three different filtering cartridges is also depicted.

FIG. 101 is a perspective view of the assembled fine micronics filter cartridge 24′. FIG. 100 shows the device in position.

FIG. 102 illustrates a perspective view of the assembled filter core having three different filtering cartridges.

FIG. 103 illustrates a top plan view of the casing which houses the fine micronics filter cartridge. This component includes two small openings which are located on the annular wall, the latter being orifice 25 a′ and orifice 25 b′. 25 c′ is the bottom base with a center hole 25 d′, the latter being the core passage for returning oil. 25 e′ is a raised circular flange for accommodating the flat seal 27 g′ when connecting with the outpost of the canister for positioning and sealing.

FIG. 104 illustrates a side view of the fine micronics filter casing 25′ and the locations of orifices 25 a′ and 25 b′.

FIG. 105 illustrates a bottom view of the fine micronics filter casing 25′ with center hole 25 d′.

FIG. 106 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the fine micronic filter casing 25′ affixed to the bottom part of bottom side of the lower mounting disk 20′ of the main filter cartridge referenced in FIGS. 93 and 100′. The fine micronic filter casing 25′ is installed to the bottom side of the main full flow filter 20′ referenced in FIG. 88.

FIG. 107 is a perspective view of the fully assembled filter core body also showing a clearer perspective and the position of the orifice 25 a′.

FIG. 108 is a perspective view of the fully assembled filter core body showing the positions of orifice 25 b′, the safety valve 13 b′, the magnetic ring and the center hole 25 d′ (the core passage for all the returning oil).

FIG. 109 is a perspective view of the canister ring 26′ which functions as a reinforcement ring for the open top canister as well as the major fastening component for the whole filter core. Numeral 26 a′ is the outside threads, a circular groove 26 b′ is beneath the threads 26 a′, adjacent to is annular recess 26 c′ which receives O-ring seal 26 d′.

FIG. 110 illustrates a cross-sectional view of canister ring 26′; FIG. 111 illustrates a perspective view of canister ring 26′; and FIG. 112 illustrates the O-ring gasket 26 h′ installed in position 26 c′ of metal ring 26.

FIG. 111 illustrates a cross-sectional view of used oil filter canister 27′ with the top removed. 27 a′ is the open rim adjacent to which a bead 27 b′ is ran inwardly around the upper body of canister body 27′. Bead 27 b′ reinforces the rigidity of the thin metal structure of the open end canister body 27′; this forms a ledge 27 c′, which is inside the canister body 27′. When canister ring 26′ is inserted into the open end of canister body 27′, O-ring 26 h′ is urged downwardly as a seal to prevent oil leakage, therefore canister ring 26′ is secured in position by engaging with ledge 27 b′. At the bottom of canister body 27′, where rubber ring 27 d′ is grooved in place circling an array of multiple oil entry ports 27 e′. The threaded center outpost 27 f′, which is the only passage for the filtered oil returns to the engine and is rotated into position. A flat rubber washer 27 g′ is for positioning and acts as a seal when the filter core is inserted into the filter canister.

FIG. 114 is a perspective exploded view of showing the canister ring 26′ to be inserted into the canister body 27′.

FIGS. 115 and 116 illustrate the open rim 27 a′ crimped down to the nearest wall of the groove 26 b′ to hold and the canister ring 26′ secured in position. FIG. 117 is a perspective view of the assembled canister ring 26′ and the open ended canister body 27′.

FIG. 118 illustrates a perspective view of a complete filter core as referenced in FIG. 108 and is inserted into the assembled canister ring 26′ and the canister body 27′, referenced in FIGS. 114 and 117.

FIG. 119 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a fully assembled three stage filter core which is inserted into the filter canister. The rubber washer 27 g′ is placed between the bottom of the filter core and is positioned and sealed properly against the outpost of the filter canister. FIG. 119 depicts one embodiment of three models of the invention with arrows indicating the flow of the oil from the engine (not shown) through three filtering stages, (FIGS. 119 to 121). FIG. 119 illustrates the oil activity of the main filter only. Numeral 29′ illustrates the flow of the oil entering the filter through a series of entry ports 27 e′, which are positioned at the base of the filter canister 27′. 30′ shows the flow of oil moving along the perimeter of the filter casing. Arrow 31′ shows the oil travelling closer to the main filter medium and 31 a′ shows the oil moving through the main filtering medium 21 a′. Arrow 32′ shows the oil movement outside of the safety filter housing 14′ while the safety filter is in its closing mode. Arrows 33′ show the filtered oil flowing through the filter's central chamber moving down the core passage 34′ and returning to the engine.

FIG. 120 illustrates a cross-sectional view showing the main filter 21′ and the fine micronics filter 24′ functioning simultaneously. Oil movement from the main filter 21′ from oil path 31′, 31 a′ and 33′ have been referenced with respect to FIG. 86. Arrow 29′ shows the oil entering the oil entry ports 27 e′; 30′ shows the oil flowing forward along the perimeter canister of the invention and 30 a′ and 30 b′ shows a small amount of oil entering offices 25 a′ and 25 b′. Numeral 30 c′ shows the oil permeate through fine micronic filter medium. Numerals 24′ and 34′ show the filtered oil from the micronics filter chamber joining the oil flow from the main filtering chamber and flowing back to the engine via oil passage 35′.

FIG. 121 illustrates a cross-sectional view showing the main filter medium 21′ in a plugged condition. Arrows 29′ show the oil flow into the canister via entry ports 27 e′, while arrows 30′ show the oil continuous on its path 30 a′ and some small amount of oil flow through orifice 25 a′ and 25 b′. Continuous oil movement of the fine micronics filter 24′ has been discussed relative to FIG. 120′. Arrow 32′ shows the oil flowing along the perimeter canister outside the upper safety filter. In the figure, oil flow is shown restricted due to the plugged main filter medium 21 a′. In this situation, oil pressure increased, therefore forcing both safety valves 13 b′ and 13 c′ open allowing the oil to flow through. As the safety valves have been forced open, the oil reaches the upper safety filter 18′. Arrows 32 a′, 32 b′ and 32 c′ show the movement of the oil passing through the safety filter medium 18′ and entering the core oil passage 32 d′. Flow continues to arrow 33′ passing the main filter core passage, joining the filtered oil flow from the micronics filter 24′ merged in oil path 34′ and previously then flows back to the engine (not shown) via oil path 35′.

FIG. 122 illustrates the warning device assembly 36′ referred to the warning device 1′ in FIG. 54. The receiving nut 6′ in FIG. 54 is the same as the receiving nut 6′ in FIG. 122 but without the contacting pin 6 b′ that affixed to the the nut body 6, referenced in FIG. 54. The contact spring 36 a′ is attached to the bottom of receiving nut 6.

FIG. 123 illustrates a perspective view of the central safety valve casing 38′, having a raised ring wall 38 b′ circles an opening 38 a′, along the casing body 38′ are four outports 38′ for oil that enters into the safety filter chamber.

FIG. 124 illustrates a sectional view of the center safety valve casing 38′, a circular flange 38 d′ is located at the bottom part functioning as the recess for a flat round valve 40′ in FIG. 126. Numerals 38 e′, 38 f′ and 38 g′ show represent arrows showing the oil path that oil enters through the bottom opening and corme out of the outports 38 c′.

FIG. 125 illustrates a perspective view of the center safety valve casing 38′. Indent base 38 g′ has a bottom opening 38 h′ which is the entry port for oil when a safety valve is open.

FIG. 126 illustrates an exploded view with insulated warning/safety device 36′, the filter cap 9′, the safety valve spring 39′, flat safety valve 40′ and the center safety valve casing 38′. When these above components are assembled and contact each other, the ground circuit is connected and terminates at the flat metal safety valve 40′. The contact spring 36 a′ attached to the ground current insulated warning/safety device 36′, of which its metal wire connector 2 a′ is wired to an outside warning indicator which will be activated when ground current (circuit) is connected. Connection is made by close contact of the flat metal safety valve 40′ and the insulated safety warning device 36′.

FIG. 127 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a fully assembled safety valve 11′ and warning device, affixed with filter cap 9′, the latter referenced in FIG. 126.

FIG. 128 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the assembled device referred to FIG. 127 except that the safety valve spring is removed for clearer illustration purpose for the interaction of the opening of the flat metal safety valve 40′ and the warning/safety device 36′. Whilst the flat safety valve 40′ is pushed upward by oil pressure and opens up the safety oil passage then makes contact with the contact spring 36 a′ which its other end is attached to the insulated warning/safety device, thereby the ground circuit is connected by such an action.

FIG. 129 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the assembled device referenced in FIG. 128. The safety valve spring 39′ is also removed for clarity showing the flat metal valve 40′ is in close position without contacting the contact spring 36 a′.

FIG. 130 illustrates an underside view of the filter cap 9′ assembled with the safety valve assembly 38′.

FIG. 131 and 132 illustrates a perspective view of the rectangular free flow tunnel 41′, which is the component that its top opening 41 a′ can be tightly fitted into the circular base 38 g′ of the safety valve casing 38′. Numerals 41 b′ and 41 c′ are oil entry ports which allow oil to flow freely into the safety filter chamber and other auxiliary filter chamber. Positioned at the bottom of the rectangular free flow tunnel 41, there is a smaller opening 41 d′ which receives circular member 43′ to be discussed hereinafter with respect to FIG. 83.

FIG. 133 illustrates a perspective view of a tubular section which functions as the housing of the safety filter, securing the filter cap 9′, positioning the main filter assembly 21′, partition between the main oil flow and the oil flow that flows into the safety filter chamber, housing the warning/safety device and the rectangular free flow tunnel 41′. This tubular section is designated as safety filter housing 42′ which has two corresponding openings 42 a′ and 42 b′ at its upper body in which the rectangular free flow tunnel 41′ is fitted.

FIG. 134 illustrates a perspective view of the rectangular free flow tunnel 41′ positioned in openings 42 a′ and 42 b′ of the safety filter housing 42′.

FIG. 135 illustrates a perspective view of the assembled filter cap 9′, safety valve assembly 38′, rectangular free flow tunnel 41′ and safety filter housing 42′.

FIG. 136 illustrates a side top dimensional view of circular member 43′ which functions as the securing member of the safety filter cartridge, and the tubular auxiliary filter cartridge referred herein previously. Numeral 43 b′ is the orifice for oil entry into the auxiliary filter chamber, while 43 a′ is a raised member that snugly fits into the bottom opening 41 d′ under the rectangular free flow tunnel 41′.

FIG. 137 illustrates a cross-sectional view of circular member 43′. Numeral 43 c′ is a raised flange along the perimeter rim and 43 e′ is a raised center ring. 43 c′ and 43 e′ create two indented areas. Inside the center ring 43 e′ is the indented area 43 f′ which is accommodates the top part of the auxiliary filter housing in FIG. 154. 43g′ is an O-ring positioned in a groove. The indented area 43 d′ is for securing the top part of the safety filter cartridge 18′, referred to in FIGS. 71 and 72.

FIG. 138 illustrates a perspective view of the circular member 43′.

FIG. 139 illustrates an exploded view of the position of circular member 43′ and the relationship with other components referred to in FIG. 135.

FIG. 140 illustrates FIG. 139 rotated 90′ having the circular member 43′ installed in position as well as illustrating one of the entry ports of the rectangular flow tunnel 41, referred to in FIG. 79.

FIG. 141 illustrates a perspective view of the assembled components described in FIG. 139.

FIG. 142 illustrates a perspective view of a circular cap which is the top cover 44′ of the auxiliary filter body.

FIG. 143 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the top cover 44′ having a circular rim surrounding the indented area 44 b′ and a small center oil entry port which is the orifice for oil passing through into the auxiliary filter chamber. Numeral 44 d′ is the indented body which fits into the auxiliary filter body; 44 e′ is the top connecting end with the auxiliary filter cartridge.

FIG. 144 illustrates a perspective view of the top cover 44′ of FIG. 89.

FIG. 145 illustrates a perspective view of a circular cap which is the bottom cover 45′ of the auxiliary filter body.

FIG. 146 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the bottom cover, where numerals 45′, 45 a′ and 45 b′ represent the outward ports for the filtered oil comes out the auxiliary filter cartridge. The center indentation 45 c′ is the recess for securing and positioning the auxiliary filter cartridge. Element 45 e′ is the raised bolt having a small hole going through its body to receive a small metal ring 45 f′ which is a convenience device for pulling out the auxiliary filter body for servicing.

FIG. 147 illustrates a perspective view of the bottom cover 45′.

FIG. 148 illustrates an exploded view showing the proper assembling order of the circular cover 43′ referred to in FIG. 136, the auxiliary filter top cover 44′ and bottom cover 45′ referred to in FIGS. 142 to 147. The elongated auxiliary filter body 46, which is an elongated tubular body, having both ends 46 a′ and 46 b′ fitted with top cover 44′ and its top cover 45′.

FIGS. 149 and 150 illustrate a perspective view and a cross-sectional view, respectively of the assembled components 43′, 44′, 46′, and 45′ referred to in FIG. 148.

FIG. 151 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the elongated auxiliary filter cartridge 47′. Element 47 a′ is the top connecting member having a center opening 47 b′ to receive the connecting end 44 e′ of the top cover 44′. Element 47 d′ is the rubber O-ring seal which is installed on the inside wall of 47 b′ for securing and sealing purposes. Element 47 c′ is the hollow chamber for oil passing through into the auxiliary filter medium 47 e′. At the bottom of the auxiliary cartridge, an extension member 47 h′ is fitted with a small O-ring 47 g′ to be inserted into the recess, which is the center indentation 45 c′ of the bottom cover 45′ referred to FIGS. 146 and 150.

FIG. 152 illustrates a perspective view of the auxiliary filter cartridge 47′.

FIG. 153 illustrates a perspective view of proper assembling order of the components referred to FIGS. 148, 149 and 150.

FIG. 154 illustrates an exploded view of proper assembling order of the circular cover 43′, top cover 44′, auxiliary filter cartridge 47′, bottom cover 45′ and the elongated filter casing 46′.

FIG. 155 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the fully assembled components referred to in FIG. 154. The FIG. illustrates the relationship of the components.

FIG. 156 is a cross-sectional view showing the travel route of the oil into the rectangular free flow tunnel 41′ and flow through two filtering systems at the same time. For clarity, the rectangular free flow tunnel 41′ of which two entry ports 41 a′ and 41 b′ are placed in a 90° position in the drawing. The assembly in this drawing is in the safety filtering mode as the safety valve is pushed open by oil pressure. Arrow 48′ shows oil entering entry port 41 a′, 48 a′ shows oil midway of the rectangular free flow tunnel and splitting into two, the main flow of oil moving upwardly pushing the safety valve open, oil flows to all directions through these four outports on the safety valve casing then flows toward the safety filter chamber passing through the safety filter medium continuous its path flow down the core passage along the exterior wall of the auxiliary filter chamber. The other flow of oil indicated by its path 50′, 50 a′, 50 b′, 50 c′, 50 d′, flows into the auxiliary filter core, passing through the auxiliary filter medium moving along the interior wall of the auxiliary filter casing towards and through the outports 45 a′ and 45 b′.

FIG. 157 illustrates a cross-sectional of the partially assembled filter core, referred to in FIG. 119, comprising filter cap 9′, safety filter cartridge 18′, the main full flow filter cartridge 21′, the fine micronic filter cartridge 24′, and the elongate auxiliary filter cartridge.

FIG. 158 shows a perspective view of the assembled components referred to in FIG. 157.

FIG. 159 illustrates a perspective view of the partial assembly comprising the filter cap 9′, the safety filter housing 42′ and the four filtering cartridges, referred to in FIGS. 157 and 158; also shown is the position of the rectangular free flow tunnel entry 41 b′.

FIG. 160 illustrates a perspective view of the completely assembled filter core having the safety filter casing 42′, the magnetic ring 14 c′, and the fine micronic filter casing in place. The position of the elongate auxiliary filter cartridge is illustrated by dotted lines.

FIG. 161 is a cross-sectional view of the completely assembled four stages filter core that is inserted into the filter canister 27′. The assembly comprises the main full flow filter 21′, the full flow safety filter 18, the fine micronics filter 24′, the magnetic ring 14 c′ and the auxiliary filter 47′. It is demonstrated that the filter is in the main full flow filtering mode, referred to in FIG. 119.

FIG. 162 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the four stages filter model when in the normal filtering mode; the main full flow filter 21′, the fine micronics filter 24′, the magnetic ring 14 c′ and the auxiliary filter 47′, are all simultaneously in operation while the safety filter is in the closed mode. At the bottom of the FIG., numeral 29′ denotes the oil entry into the filter via entry ports to travel along the interior wall of the canister. Arrows 30′, 30 a′, 30 b′ and 30 c′ show the oil flow through the orifice of the fine micronics filter chamber passing through the medium and merging with the filtered main oil flow in the center core passage. Arrows 31′, 31 a′, 31 b′, and 31 c′ show the oil flow through the main full flow filter medium into the center core passage. It moves rapidly toward the exit, merging with the filtered oil from the fine micronics filter. Arrows 32′, 48′, 50′, 50 a′, 50 b′ and 50 c′ show the oil travel passing the outside wall of the safety filter housing and entering the rectangular free flow tunnel flow. The oil flows through the orifice of the auxiliary filter into its filter core and passes through the auxiliary filter medium to move along the interior wall of the elongated auxiliary filter casing. The oil then flows out via the two outports at the bottom of the auxiliary filter. All three separate streams of oil merge together and flow back to the engine via outpost 35′.

FIG. 163 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the four stage filter inserted into the canister. In this stage of the filter, the main full flow filter is restricted and the safety filter is in the open mode. Numeral 40′ shows the safety valve in an open condition and the oil path 48′, 49′, 49 a′, 49 b′, 49 c′, 49 d′ and 49 e′ show the oil path into the rectangular free flow tunnel. Oil pressure forces the safety valve to open and the oil then passes through the four openings on the safety valve casing dispersing to all directions. The oil flow around and toward the circular safety filter cartridge passes through the safety filter medium and filtered oil then moves into the center core passage and travels rapidly along the exterior wall of the auxiliary filter housing merging with the filtered oil flows from the fine micronics filter and the auxiliary filter. The merged oil flow returns to the engine via the outpost of the filter canister.

FIG. 164 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the components. The warning/safety device 36′, the filter cap 9′, the safety valve casing 38′ and the auxiliary filter assembly 46, which can be transformed into another multiple filtering model by adding filter cartridges of different configurations.

FIG. 165 illustrates a perspective view of a circular disk 51′ which functions as the bottom mounting plate for the safety filter; numeral 51 a′ is the indented area for seating the safety filter medium; numeral 51 b′ is a raised center rim creating a center opening 51 c′ for accommodating the circular member 43′ and the elongate auxiliary filter cartridge 46′. The outer annular groove 51 d′ where a O-ring is placed for sealing purposes when fitted inside a larger elongate tubular member 53′ referred to in FIG. 173 to be discussed hereinafter.

FIG. 166 is a cross-sectional view of the circular disk 51′ and, FIG. 167 illustrates a perspective view of the circular disk 51′.

FIG. 168 illustrates a perspective view of the relationship of the circular disk 43′, the elongate auxiliary cartridge 46′ and the circular disk 51′, particulary showing the annular open space 59 e′ created for the oil passage of the filtered oil that passes through the safety filter.

FIG. 169 is a cross-sectional view of the assemblies of circular disk 43′, elongated auxiliary filter cartridge 46′ and the circular disk 51′. O-ring 59 e′ is in place at position 59 c′.

FIGS. 170 and 171 illustrate perspective views of the assemblies of circular disk 43′, elongated auxiliary filter cartridge 46′ and the circular disk 51′ having the safety filter medium 52′ installed in position.

FIG. 172 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the assembled filter cap 9′, warning device 36′, safety valve assembly 38′, rectangular free flow tunnel 41′, all previously referred to in FIG. 135.

FIG. 173 illustrates in perspective, a tubular member having a rectangular opening 53 a′ and a series of openings adjacent to the bottom rim 53 d′.

FIG. 174 illustrates a perspective view of a tubular member 53′ which houses the whole assemblies referred to in FIG. 173. Member 53′ functions as the partition between the main full flow filter cartridge and the safety filter cartridge. Element 53 a′ is one of the corresponding openings in which the rectangular free flow tunnel 41′ is fitted. Upper rim 53 b′ connects with groove 9 c′ of the filter cap 9′, referred to in FIG. 56. The lower rim 53 d′ connects with another circular disk member 54′ referred to in FIG. 127 forming the main full flow filter cartridge. An array of openings 53 c′, located at the bottom part of the tubular body 53′ adjacent to rim 53 c′ are passages for filtered oil that passes through the main full flow filter medium. FIG. 173 illustrates a perspective view of the assembled components referred to in FIGS. 169, 170 and 171, all of which are housed in proper position within the tubular member 53′.

Referring now to FIG. 175, shown is a circular disk member which is the top mounting disk for the main full flow filter medium. Raised rim 54 a′ and raised inner rim 54 c′ create an indented annular area in which houses one end of the main filter medium. An O-ring is fitted into the groove on the inner wall of rim 54 c′ whereby the opening 54 d′ is to receive the assembled tubular member 53′ referred to in FIG. 173.

FIG. 176 illustrates the member 54′ in a cross-section view; and, FIG. 177 illustrates a top side dimensional view of disk 54′.

FIG. 178 illustrates the circular mounting disk mounted around the top part of the tubular member 53′ adjacent to the rectangular free flow tunnel, above which the magnetic ring 14 c′ is also affixed.

FIG. 179 illustrates another circular disk member which is the bottom mounting disk 55′ for seating the bottom end of the main full flow filter medium. Raised rim 55 a′ and inner raised rim 55 c′ creates a annular indented area 55 b′ wherein the bottom end of the main full flow filter medium is mounted. Element 55 c′ is raised to position the bottom rim 53 d′ of the tubular member 53. Element 55 d′ is the open area within the tubular member 53′ where the returning oil flows into the center opening 55 e′. Element 55 f′ is another raised rim for positioning with the oil flow outport when engaging with the filter canister. FIG. 180 illustrates the mounting disk 55′ in cross-section and FIG. 181 illustrates the underside of the circular mounting disk 55′.

FIG. 182 illustrates a perspective view of the assembly where the circular mounting disk is mounted around the lower body of tubular member 53′, referred to in FIG. 178.

FIG. 183 illustrates the main full flow filter medium 56′ installed in position between the circular top mounting disk 54′ and the circular bottom mounting disk 55′; and, FIG. 184 illustrates the assembled components.

FIG. 185 illustrates the fully assembled filter core, including the filter cap 9′, referred to FIGS. 183 and 184.

FIG. 186 illustrates the cross-sectional view of the fully assembled filter core referred to in FIG. 185 with the flat seal 27 g′ in place.

FIG. 187 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the fully assembled filter core installed into the filter canister showing the oil movement through the main full flow filter. Oil enters into the canister via multiple inports 27 e′ on oil path 29′ along the inner wall of the canister; arrows 57′, 57 a′, 57 b′, 57 c′, 57 d′ and 60′ show the movement of the main flow of oil being filtered by the main full flow filter medium and returned to the engine via outport 61′.

FIG. 188 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the fully assembled filter core within the canister showing the oil movements of both the main full flow filter as well as the elongate auxiliary filter. At this stage, the filter is in the normal filtering mode. The main full flow filter oil movement illustrated is the same as referred to in FIG. 186. Arrows 29′, 57′, 57 a′, 58′, 58 a′, 58 b′, 58 c′, 58 d′, 58 e′, 58 f′, 60′, and 61′ show a small stream of oil detoured from the main oil stream being filtered and merged with the main oil stream at point of oil path, denoted by numeral 60′, then return back to the engine.

FIG. 189 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the multiple stage filter referred to in FIG. 188. The filter is in the safety filtering mode wherein the main full flow filter medium is restricted and clogged by particles thus activates the safety filter by forcing open up the safety valve 40′. Oil flows through the rectangular free flow tunnel illustrated on oil path denoted by path 59′, 59 a′; oil exits the safety valve assembly on path 59 b′, then flows along the safety filter chamber on path 59 c′. Path 59 d′ shows the oil entering the safety filter medium, the filtered oil subsequently flows along path 59 e′ to 59 f′ and merges with the small stream of filtered oil from the auxiliary filter at points of path 58 f′, 60′ and 61′ then returns back to the engine.

Although the invention has been discussed with respect to oil filtration, it will be appreciated by those sidlled in the art that the filter can be employed in any form of fluid filtration. Furthermore, regarding the choice of materials of which the filter media may be composed, any suitable synthetic, i.e. metal mesh, organic polymer mesh or natural materials such as cotton fibers or any other suitable natural filtration medium.

The size and number of the openings in the filtration head may vary substantially depending upon the intended volume of oil and other requirements.

Although embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited thereto and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous modifications form part of the present invention insofar as they do not depart from the spirit, nature and scope of the claimed and described invention. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A reusable oil filter comprising: a hollow container having opposed ends; a plurality spased apart concentric filtration body members removably mounted within said container, each filtration body member having a different porosity from the other filtration body members for providing a plurality of successive filtering steps; filter base means removably mounted on first end of said container; removable filter head means releasably mounted to a second opposed end of said container for sealing said container; said filter base means having an inlet to receive oil to be filtered and an outlet to discharge filter oil; said filter head including upper and lower filter body members, and an annular space between said container and said filtration body members for the flow of oil.
 2. The filter as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of said filtration body members is releasably connected to an adjacent filter body member.
 3. The filter as set forth in claim 2 wherein connection between said filtration body members comprises friction connection.
 4. The filter as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that each of said plurality of filter body members includes a filter medium having a different porosity for progressive filtration of said oil.
 5. The filter as set forth in claim 4 wherein said filter body members are differently dimensioned relative to one another.
 6. The filter as set forth in claim 1, wherein the said porosity of each of said filtration body member is from about 1 Um to 300 Mm.
 7. The filter as set forth in claim 2 wherein said filter includes a central core filter positioned centrally of said hollow container and a plurality of discrete independent filter body members in stacked releasable interconnection surrounded and coaxially disposed with said central core.
 8. The filter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said removable filter head includes valve means for selectively passing oil therethrough when oil pressure exceeds a predetermined value.
 9. The filter as set forth in claim 8 wherein said valve means includes indicator means for indicating said valve means is actuated.
 10. The filter as set forth in claim 1, wherein said filter includes magnetic means for removing metallic material from oil flowing through said filter.
 11. The reusable oil filter as set forth in claim 1, further comprising flow guide means disposed within said annular space for directing oil flow through said annular space.
 12. The filter as set forth in claim 11 wherein said flow guide means prevents dislodging of material contained in said filtration body members.
 13. The filter according to claim 11, wherein said flow guide means comprises a cylindrical perforated body with a protruding lip on each perforation for deflecting oil flow.
 14. The filter as set forth in claim 11 wherein said flow guide means includes a plurality of apertures and outwardly extending lips.
 15. The filter as set forth in claim 11 wherein at least one of said filter body members comprises woven steel.
 16. The filter as set forth in claim 11, characterized in that at least one of said filter body members comprises natural material.
 17. The filter as set forth in claim 11, further comprising magnetic means for removing metallic material from oil flowing through said filter.
 18. The filter as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least one of said filter body members is at least partly enclosed within an enclosure having an aperture opening to said annular space.
 19. The filter as set forth in claim 18, wherein at least one of said filter body members has a finer porosity than at least one of said lifter body members.
 20. The filter as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a third filtration body member having valve means for selectively passing oil therethrough when oil pressure within said filter exceeds a predetermined value. 